No, Uber didn't fail anyone. To the extent there's a failure somewhere, it's the monopoly the municipality holds on taxi medallions, which artificially limits supply of taxis overall.
If Uber could help usher in the end of some of the other government monopolies, we'd be looking at some huge steps forward.
Zoning is not needed for the former.
True; many of those other forms of licensure are also bad.
For example there is a fixed limit on available land, therefore it makes sense to regulate its use for the common good. The problem with licensing taxis isn't that they are licensed, it's that the number of licenses is fixed arbitrarily without regard to the actual need for taxis.
http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/10/the-amaz...
Its 100% responsible, from one perspective, because "bankruptcy" is one form of government "meddling" in economic markets.
I agree that NYC has not increased the number of medallions in a manner commensurate with its growth since 1970. But this is like referring to the sale prices of commercial condos - you don't need to own a storefront in order to have a retail store (most business owners don't). Likewise, you don't need to own a medallion, just have access to one (ie, rent it, which is what most taxi drivers in NYC do).
First, land use has different externalities, but for-hire cars still have obvious externalities. And because of the civic role that taxis have assumed over the last 50 years, decisions about the management of the taxi market have still more externalities.
Second, my point wasn't that land use and taxis have the same issues, but rather that the logic that taxi medallions were bad public policy because "monopoly" was flimsy. Which, it is.
Like what? Note that, for example, "They take up space on the road and pollute the air" doesn't count because not-for-hire cars do the exact same thing. It has to be an externality that is caused by the fact that the ride is for-hire. There may be such externalities, but I think they are far from obvious.
> the logic that taxi medallions were bad public policy because "monopoly" was flimsy
It's not the medallions per se that are the bad public policy, it's artificially limiting the supply (and then compounding the problem by making them transferrable). That's what the OP (almost surely) meant by "monopoly". Zoning also artificially constrains the supply of land available for certain uses, but that is clearly justifiable because of the (actually obvious) externalities of land use. The externalities of paying someone for a ride are far less clear.
More specifically, the externality argument about taxis is that they take up space while hunting for fares, while private cars only drive when actually being used to get somewhere.
I agree though, that the point is irrelevant to Uber, since it's strictly a by-request car service that is not hailed from the street, and so doesn't cause the congestion that typical fare hunters would.
It seems like what she was saying is that if the people who own and use the common resource have the ability to create rules and enforce them, then they can avoid a tragedy of the commons. I'd totally agree with that, you need some way to govern the resource.
About freeing up street space, I'd be curious to see some kind of statistics about how many lyft drivers were headed that way anyway and just pick up passengers vs. how many are providing a taxi-like service. Is there a way in the lyft or uber software as a driver to say that you're only looking for passengers going from one location to another location?
It seems like slugging is more likely to provide those benefits.
I am sorry to say that I do not have the statistics that you are looking for.
People operate taxis to make money. If the number of taxis becomes such that the roads fill with taxis, then the number or taxis should lower itself for two reasons. A.) If the taxis can't get anywhere either then people won't pay for them. B.) The ability of any single taxi to turn a positive profit will approach 0.
I agree with your point that there are natural pressures that would keep the number of taxis down if the artificial limitation was removed. It's just that I don't think that the natural equilibrium point financially is going to be the optimal level in terms of getting people where they want to go efficiently. In my mind, the entire transportation system is useful to provide a service to individuals and other sectors of the economy, and if it's not doing that well it doesn't matter much if the people working in transportation are at a natural equilibrium.
I'm also not saying that the medallion system is the right way to handle the situation. A taxi or car on the road uses up some common, limited resource (space on the road). Maybe you'd have more luck charging for that resource more directly, like a congestion charge?