Here's what worked for me (went from working in hotels as a banquet manager to a software engineer in a little over two years):
-Work on side projects (doesn't even matter what they are, pick stuff that interests you) and keep all the code [publicly] on github (or similar).
-You'll probably have better luck applying to places that require code samples and/or solving hiring puzzles
-Get a relevant degree (I know...this is the one you didn't want to hear...but it helps a lot getting past HR and having good recruiters work with you)
-Learn more languages. Make each one different than what you know. You've picked up Python so you're not going to get much out of learning something similar (e.g. Ruby) so maybe choose a lower level language or a functional language next.
-Ignore people who tell you to focus on large companies, or small companies, or any other type of company. As someone with an "unconventional" background getting your first job as a developer will be tough, so don't be too picky, cast a wide net and see what bites....when you do decide to move on from that first job then you'll be in position to be picky (at least that was my experience).