Why not let the bootloader unlock the sd card and then disconnect the SD card without disconnecting power to it?
Something similar has been done with SSDs: http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2012/29c3-5091-de-en-uns... (link in german)
Something similar has been done with SSDs: http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2012/29c3-5091-de-en-uns... (link in german)
Edit, even simpler: hook up a logic analyser and the password should be among the first captures.