Talk of an Internet Fast Lane Is Already Hurting Some Startups
technologyreview.com
technologyreview.com
This argument doesn't make sense to me. The ISP's customers are using the ISP's network by downloading Internet content. The nature of the content should be irrelevant to the discussion. The ISP's customers are purely responsible for that usage, and it is part of - from what I understand - the service they are already paying for. The ISP's network is only "congested" if it is incapable of delivering on the service that was advertised (assuming for the sake of argument, some particular speed of access).
Thus, how can Cashman argue that "there is no model for monetizing the required investment?" Isn't that exactly what ISP customers are buying when they pay for access to the Internet through the ISP? The onus should morally be on the ISP to make a good-faith attempt to build sufficient connections to any content that's popular enough to saturate the links providing it.
Furthermore, why isn't it naturally the ISP's responsibility to price their access sufficient to cover current usage and expected growth in usage? New use-cases for the Internet are constantly going to appear. It is the ISP's responsibility to provide Internet access with sufficient throughput that it is not congested for any reasons under the ISP's control; and to price their access sufficient for investment to achieve the throughput.
"The latest BigMac hamburger caused hungry residents to swarm McDonalds and caused drive-through lines to be congested today in Cloudville. Gillis Cashman, managing partner at McPartners, Inc. says that, despite selling happy meals in record numbers, delays in drive-through lines will continue, since since there is "currently no model for McDonalds to monetize the required investment" to upgrade its drive-throughs.
The entire FCC is entirely corrupt and in pockets of the cable companies.
It is not doing its job worse yet it is harming the system it was designed to protect.
"Electricity supply companies have found that almost 30% of the total electricity capacity in their networks is being consumed by customer's light bulbs. In order to support future demand, the electricity supply companies will begin charging light bulb manufacturers for light bulb users electricity usage."
Completely bonkers.
It would probably be much better if internet service was metered but it would not go over well after we all have been used to the unlimited pipe.
This was 2008: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7336940.stm
I think that the real problem is not perceived acceptance by customers, but that moving to metered billing makes the service look more like a utility. If I were running an ISP I would want to do everything I could to keep people from equating my service with water or electricity.
Ha! Sorry can't read statements like that without laughing/cringing. We all lost our "unlimited pipe" years ago .. in fact I'd argue we never had it in the first place only that the technology prevented us from hitting our limits in the early days.
When you're paid per subscription, and you at most carry 64kbps through a small local area before long distance fees kick in, it works.
Even so, in Europe (and I believe most of the world) landline usage is metered. It is the US model of free local calls that is unusual.
The ISPs have total control over their subscribers' connection fees. If they set them too low to make a profit,* then they need to raise those fees and live with the consequences, not go trying to extort profits from new sources.
*I don't believe for an instant that the major ISPs are actually hurting, mind you. They just see an opportunity to make even more of a profit.
How do you stop that prankster on unmetered service from pingflooding you so you're charged hundreds of dollars?
Now that ads cost me money, I have good reason to do adblock.
Does it cost as much to download that file from a congested line as it does from my ISP's cache?
And when there's still congestion do I pay for all the retransmissions from dropped packets?
If you're offering a service where you let other people interconnect their computer networks to each other, by definition you're only offering the service of connecting them to other people who (choose to) connect to the network.
Grandma just wasn't (until very recently) paying anything at all.
This is why we shouldn't conflate peering disputes with network neutrality issues. We're reading and hearing quite a bit that is abysmally stupid.
Comcast has no obligation to spend it's own money letting Netflix connect for free. The peering arrangement they had with Level3 was more than adequate to handle everything but the Netflix traffic, and now Netflix/Level3 is expecting Comcast to pay for the upgrades? Why? How is that fair?
I get sick of defending Comcast here. They are an abominable company that I hope goes bankrupt and out of business. But I keep reading really stupid things from people who aren't thinking through the implications of what they're saying.
If a call is made from Verizon to AT&T, no money changes hands between them.
ISPs have typically operated a B&K model where the traffic is largely symmetrical between carriers. The argument arrives when the flows aren't symmetrical (such as streaming video).
As for Comcast paying to upgrade their network, there is precedent in the Cable TV model where they both pay for the content and pay to upgrade their network to receive, carry and bill it.
Networks derive value from the connections. If there was proper local competition then this would fix itself over the course of a contract cycle since a competitor would enter offering a network with a better value.
This is American capitalism, morality doesn't enter the picture.
More seriously, the McDonald's argument doesn't work because McD's business model is profit on turnover. If they sell more, they make more. Comcast's model is renting out wires. The money they make is the price set by the "market" in internet connections. Actually providing a service is a cost, and therefore they want to reduce it as much as possible without driving away customers.
Building more won't enable them to charge their customers more, so they're sending a rent bill to Netflix to see if they pay it.
Why not? If I'm noticing slowdowns due to saturation, and my ISP said "we're expanding in your area and upgrading equipment, capacity, etc, but it's going to add another $9/month on your bill" of course I'd pay it. A) I'd have no choice and B) I want better service.
Imagine if every speed upgrade from 56k modems had also come with a price increase.
Boil the frog as fast as possible. After all, where would it go?
Building more capacity and offering better service doesn't really enter into the picture in most American cities.
I know a lot of people hate the "government," but it's no more rational than hating "corporations." Which government? Why? My impression of US government ISPs from college campuses is that most leave a wide open pipe for pretty much free use with few exceptions. Many forget that the Internet was entirely given away to private interests by the government. Most public ISPs are understaffed and may at worst limit something by accident while targeting illegal activity.
Brilliantly summarized. I recently had intermittent issues with my crappy Comcast (only viable option, where I live now) Internet connection. The technician who came over, after viewing my ping logs and things, immediately decided I was onto something, and was awesome. Like really awesome. He was representing the very best a very bad company. Felt bad for him. I directly told him "If you can, get another job, somewhere else [equivalent pay, benefits of course]."
I've been reading over and over again how the ISPs should already have this upgrade money allocated and available to spend on network infrastructure upgrades.
You've Already Paid $2,000 For A Fiber Connection You'll Never Get - http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060131/2021240.shtml
He can argue it because he has a lot of money (indirectly) invested in the outcome going his way. There will be winners and losers if net neutrality is abandoned and it looks like Cashman would be a winner. Most of the rest of us would be losers.
I hate when reporters find the most biased people in the debate and quote them as if they were an objective opinion. This reporter, to his credit, immediately follows the Cashman quote by saying "Some less financially invested observers have little sympathy for this argument" and then quotes Rob Faris, who may have strong opinions but at least isn't talking his book.
http://www.pbs.org/cringely/pulpit/2007/pulpit_20070810_0026...
We don't need fast lanes or bandwidth caps on the internet. We need an ISP that isn't ran by greedy tyrants.
Reconcile your claim with Akamai's State of the Internet, which shows the U.S. ranked #10 globally, at 10 mbps average connection speed: http://www.akamai.com/dl/akamai/akamai-soti-q413.pdf?WT.mc_i... (page 23). That number would put at about at #6 in Europe (see page 29), ahead of the U.K., Germany, and France, and not far behind Sweden and Ireland.
From my experience, that is not the case in the EU - you pay for 20/1 Mbps, you get those speeds +/- a few Kb. Which is also why many don't want to switch from DSL to fiber where it is available - "why would I need that, my Internet is fast enough".
Top Twenty Percent above 10 Mbps:
irb(main):057:0> bar.sort { |a, b| a[:perc_above_10].to_f <=> b[:perc_above_10].to_f }.reverse.collect { |item| item[:country] }[0..20]
=> ["South Korea", "Japan", "Netherlands", "Switzerland", "Czech Republic", "Hong Kong", "Belgium", "United States", "Denmark", "Sweden", "United Kingdom", "Finland", "Canada", "Ireland", "Norway", "Austria", "Taiwan", "Israel", "Russia", "Singapore", "Poland"]
Top Twenty Percent above 4 Mbps: irb(main):058:0> bar.sort { |a, b| a[:perc_above_4].to_f <=> b[:perc_above_4].to_f }.reverse.collect { |item| item[:country] }[0..20]
=> ["South Korea", "Switzerland", "Netherlands", "Czech Republic", "Japan", "Israel", "Denmark", "Canada", "Austria", "Hong Kong", "United Kingdom", "Belgium", "Romania", "Luxembourg", "United States", "Germany", "Russia", "Sweden", "Poland", "Finland", "Spain"]
Top Twenty Average Speed: irb(main):059:0> bar.sort { |a, b| a[:avg_speed].to_f <=> b[:avg_speed].to_f }.reverse.collect { |item| item[:country] }[0..20]
=> ["South Korea", "Japan", "Netherlands", "Hong Kong", "Switzerland", "Czech Republic", "Sweden", "Ireland", "United States", "Belgium", "Denmark", "United Kingdom", "Finland", "Austria", "Canada", "Norway", "Taiwan", "Israel", "Singapore", "Germany", "Poland"]
If you intersect all three for "higher than United States", you get: irb(main):080:0> (ary_one[0...ary_one.index('United States')] & ary_two[0...ary_two.index('United States')]) & ary_three[0...ary_three.index('United States')]
=> ["South Korea", "Japan", "Netherlands", "Switzerland", "Czech Republic", "Hong Kong"]
What bothers me about the data is the implicit distribution skews in the Peak and Avg numbers, but that's a problem with every line, so not material to the subject here. It may signal a methodology weirdness, but it's lunchtime and I don't feel like paging back to see if I can find something showing that Akamai is counting things it shouldn't be.Most of the comparisons are hilariously ridiculous. The proper comparisons are: China, Brazil, Japan, Indonesia, UK, Russia, India, Germany, France, Turkey, Italy, Mexico - large scale industrialized nations.
Comparing Norway or Luxembourg or Hong Kong with the US, as though they can possibly be compared in any sane respect what-so-ever is absurdity to the ultimate degree.
The fact that we compete at all against tiny nations with 5 or 8 million people is a stunning accomplishment.
Dense U.S. states outperform the overall U.S. average significantly (and comparably to Japan): http://www.bizjournals.com/boston/blog/techflash/2014/04/rep....
Out of the 10 U.S. states with the fastest internet, 8 are just the densest states (+D.C.) in a different order.
South Korea is the outlier because half the country lives in a single megacity with the density of San Francisco. The U.S. can't compete with that geographic advantage.
The premise of deregulation was that it would lead to increased infrastructure spending. And it has: the late 1990's and the 2000's saw massive investment into cable and wireless. People assumed at the time the money would go into fiber, but demand exploded in wireless so investment went there instead.
They got tax breaks for $200 billion, so not made up. They talked about building fiber in congress to get the tax breaks. That's why people feel like they didn't live up to their bargain.
There's actually a book about this, which is online: http://www.ntia.doc.gov/legacy/broadbandgrants/comments/61BF.... Read page 210-223, especially page 222.
The number is calculated by starting from the premise that telecom companies should be regulated as utilities, and make regulated returns on their investment. It also starts from the premise that the price of features should be proportional to their cost.
From that premise, it computes $103 billion as the "excess profits" when the telcos are compared to other utilities. Another $78 billion is chalked up to "excessive depreciation." This, in turn, is based on a calculation rooted in "[a]ssuming that depreciation rates should have remained constant after divestiture." (Page 220). Of course the assumption that the depreciation rate should have remained constant before and after the internet boom is ridiculous. Another $25-50 billion is "cross-subsidization overcharging for long distance, DSL, and wireless." This estimate is based on the claim that the telcos added charges to phone bills that should have been accounted as costs to non-regulated services.
None of this amounts to getting a direct subsidy or even a direct tax break in return for building fiber. The whole point of the 1996 changes in the law was deregulation of the industry. The whole idea was that deregulation of the industry would lead to higher capital investment, which it did (just not in the areas people expected at the time). Nobody hid the ball on the fact that the 1996 law was about deregulation--everyone referred to it as such. Well, in a deregulated industry, if a company raises prices, we don't call that "excess profits." If they cross-subsidize their business lines, we don't call that "excess profits."
Did the telcos make a ton of money between 1996-present? Yes, they did. Demand for internet exploded, and demand for mobile exploded, and they invested the money to build the infrastructure that made all that possible. That's why they made all those "excess profits."
The book, as a whole, is handwaving. It's based on two fundamentally flawed premises:
1) That the internet and mobile booms are unrelated to deregulation and should not be factored into the analysis. Of course, that's ludicrous. For decades up to the mid-1990's, telephone service was an industry with steady demand growing based on population growth. Then the internet happened, and mobile happened, and demand skyrocketed. At a basic economic level, why should we not, then, expect: 1) providers of the infrastructure underlying those boom industries to profit more after than they did before? 2) providers of the infrastructure underlying those boom industries to depreciate infrastructure and invest in new infrastructure faster than before?
The $200 billion figure is fundamentally rooted in assuming that the answers to those two questions should be "no."
2) That 1970's-style rate-regulation doesn't have an adverse impact on capital investment. If companies can make 30% returns investing in Twitter and 10% returns investing in laying fiber, then the money will go where the returns are. If these folks had been in charge of regulating wireless, we'd still be using 2.5G phones (but at least we wouldn't be "overcharged" for text messages!)
Were provisions for a particular level of broadband penetration and performance included in the 1996 Telecom Act? If so, was the inclusion of these provisions tied in any way to the more provider-friendly regulatory posture granted as a result of the Act?
Assuming the answer to first question is yes, were those provisions met? If not, was it because they were just unrealistic, or was it because of some other reason?
What I think: yes, yes, no and a little of both.
What I don't think: doubling down on deregulation at this point - which is what this fast-lane stuff seems like to me - will be a long-term benefit for consumers, which (as a consumer) is what I currently care most about.
To answer your questions:
- Of course infrastructure providers enabling a boom industry should profit from their efforts. I also expect the provider to upgrade their infrastructure out of these profits, not go around with their hand out trying to get everyone else to pay for it every upgrade cycle.
- I don't understand how this supports your argument. Isn't a part of the argument that they are not upgrading infrastructure fast enough?
- re: 70's style regulation... Did you say handwaving?
I'm not really disagreeing with you that companies should profit. However they want to try and do that is also fine, they basically have the right to try and earn profit however they want. But it's got to be OK to decide no, this method you're trying is unseemly and we're not going to permit it. That's what I think is happening here w/ Comcast, and I'd prefer if regulation was not changed (or established or whatever the appropriate term is) such that it's not only OK, but a big green light for _every_ provider to start running around doing the same thing.
Yet it has somehow become conventional wisdom, parroted in every thread on this subject.
> Were provisions for a particular level of broadband penetration and performance included in the 1996 Telecom Act? If so, was the inclusion of these provisions tied in any way to the more provider-friendly regulatory posture granted as a result of the Act?
No. The purpose of the act was deregulation of the industry, not giving regulatory concessions in return for particular performance outcomes. Whether deregulation is "provider-friendly" depends on who you ask. In theory, deregulation is consumer-friendly. E.g. whenever Uber or AirBnB come up, people on HN champion deregulation of those markets, on the theory that deregulation is good for consumers. That was the operative theory underlying the 1996 Telecom Act.
Now as for whether the pitch back then lived up to the results, the answer is of course "kinda." The state of U.S. internet is really much better than people say. Read my post about what Akamai has to say about actual connection speeds in the U.S. versus Europe (that we're ahead of the big European countries like the UK, Germany, and France): https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7709948.
What people fixate on is the lack of fiber in major cities, and that has much more to do with dysfunctional municipal politics than national telecom regulation. In Chicago, for example, many folks have a choice between Comcast and RCN (which has a mostly fiber network). This is not because Comcast didn't bribe enough alderman, but simply because the city tends to have a pretty functional and hands-off approach to regulation, which reduces the roadblocks to market entrants. The city also has never instituted rent controls, and unsurprisingly has pretty affordable housing for city of its size and density.
> What I don't think: doubling down on deregulation at this point - which is what this fast-lane stuff seems like to me - will be a long-term benefit for consumers, which (as a consumer) is what I currently care most about.
The problem with "pro-consumer" regulation is that it's often short-sighted. Throughout the U.S. in the 1970's and 1980's and 1990's, and in Europe in the 1980's, 1990's, and 2000's, industries were deregulated, and it was largely a positive thing. The biggest problem with "pro-consumer" regulation in telecom is that it makes investment in regulated telecom unattractive, which causes investment dollars to flow into areas that are more attractive.
When I say "1970's style regulation is discredited" I absolutely mean it. Governments across the political spectrum have backed away from that style of regulation and embraced ones better-rooted in economic reality. But utility and telecom regulation is rooted in that same failed ideology. It's the ideology where regulators think it's a good idea to set prices instead of letting the market do so, or tell companies that they can only achieve a 10% return instead of whatever the market will bear. This style of regulation ignores the basic fact that the economy is inter-connected. If you tell companies in an industry that they can't raise prices, all the capital will flow to an industry where they can.
That's exactly what happened with telecom. Post-1996, the most heavily regulated communications infrastructure was the telephone system. Cable was less regulated, and so was wireless. And what happened? All the capital flowed to upgrading cable and wireless networks, and DSL was essentially killed as a potential competitor because there was not sufficient profit motive in DSL.
Now, I'm not saying network neutrality is 1970's-style regulation, it's not. It's not rate setting, or regulated rates of return, or anything like that. But when people say "the telcos took $200 billion and didn't give us fiber" well that's absolutely a contention that only makes sense if you buy into the 1970's ideology: that the public would've saved $200 billion had the industry continued to be regulated the way it was pre-1996, but that despite these regulations we'd still have the level of infrastructure investment we do today.
On the good side, all this will mean in the long run is that the VPN industry will be booming. No bandwidth throttling via VPN, after all.
So I wonder what's his reaction when he found out that the ISPs are already abusing the new rules, before the rules to allow fast lanes are even passed:
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/05/level-...
http://knowmore.washingtonpost.com/2014/04/25/this-hilarious...
In most countries you only pay for outgoing calls (unless you are roaming).
In the US you pay for incoming calls as well (your minutes are deducted) and in addition the person calling you is also paying for that call.
So there is double dipping going on there as well. At some point I was even paying for incoming SMS.
You don't pay your water company a fixed rate based on the size of the pipe to your house. You pay based on water actually delivered. You don't pay your electricity company based on the maximum number of amps that can flow down the wire, you pay for the electricity consumed.
Internet should be paid in bytes delivered. Then all the incentives will be aligned for all parties.
High usage end users pay for more of the network than low usage end users, which they should because they are the ones putting strain on it.
The ISPs would then prefer to transport the larger content that users demand because they will be paid more for it. Thus they are also incentivised to create more and better infrastructure to deliver it.
http://www.productsandservices.bt.com/products/broadband/pac...
Dialup is faster than that!
We would need some sort of regulation to force ISPs to provide a pipe that doesn't suffer random packet loss or connection problems. In addition you would need some way to make ISP upgrade to better pipes or you will be stuck with 56k for ever.
I believe all new homes in the US are now equipped with a minimum if a 200A circuit by law which would equate to your internet speed minimum being regulated.
Water and electricity usage is also very predictable.
But Internet usage can vary a lot between households and between days. I could easily see there being quite a few people consuming a factor of 10 less bytes than me and also there being some number using a factor of 3 or so more than me, and this can also change a lot from one day to the next.
It is very regulated. Starting a new utility that relies on public property (easements for landlines or spectrum for over the air) requires cutting an epic amount of red tape. In fact, it is such a messing process that only the very politically well connected companies can even consider entering the market.
It's definitely regulated. It just isn't regulated in the way that you want.
Here are some thoughts:
Other utilities usually come with a base fee, ie. even if I were to consume no electricity I'd still pay some amount of money per month. The total cost is (base fee + usage fee). So it's not purely based on consumed resource amount.
If we were to transition to a consumption based fee model to realign incentives, it would stand to reason that the amount of revenues the telcos should get should not change significantly. I expect that the telcos would not be able to resist gouging their customers if consumption based fees were to comeback (competition might drive down prices... eventually).
Water and electricity are quite cheap (in first world terms). There's an incentive not to be grossly wasteful with either, but that's it, really. It'd be nice if internet consumption fees could work in a similar way.
If there was any competition.
Interesting. I know that Americans use the most water, by far, compared to other countries, but do they also use the most internet?
The people who use 1TB/month on their home cable internet remind me of people like Lance Armstrong who spend $1,600 on their water bill in Austin.
That sounds like the interests will greatly favor the ISP. They can leave prices the same, institute a monthly data cap then gouge users on their overages. Yes, I can definitely see how this would be a huge win for customers...
Unlike water and electricity, the internet isn't a finite resource in the sense that the data will 'run out' if we use it too much. The people generating content are paying on their end and the users consuming content are paying on their end. We don't need to be careful not to overuse the internet, lest we leave future generations without the ability to use it.
I've heard similar about Comcast and the rest, but no one's put two and two together.
But not all bytes are equal. If I am pulling 1 Linux DVD at 3am and my neighbor is pulling down 2 per night at 3am, the costs he is placing on the system are not twice mine. The actual electricity costs between moving his bits and my bits are negligible.
Instead, the cost is in building out the pipe to handle the maximum load each evening when everyone is pulling videos down and/or Skyping to Grandma. And even then not all bytes are equal. I might really want the voice packets of my Skype session to go through right now, but be able to tolerate several second of lag on the video I'm watching from Netflix, while letting the video of my Skype call degrade as needed.
I don't think you can put ISP regulations into one simple sentence. They need a more complicated and thus expensive regulatory regime. And, yes, the more complicated, the more subject it will be to lobbying pressure from people with different views from you. It still strikes me as the least-bad solution.
EDIT: Water and electricity providers do care about peak usage somewhat. Water companies need to keep up pressure, and electric companies need to keep the electrons flowing no matter what. But the water company can tolerate a 5% dip in water pressure, and electric companies have ways of, say, disabling AC units to juggle demand during especially high periods of usage.
I think we need some way of discouraging the single biggest consumers of the shared resource (such as charging them more) during peak usage while still providing incentive for the ISP to increase capacity. Lots of people fear that the ISPs would just use this to increase revenue instead of to properly ration a shared resource. I totally understand that fear because I trust my ISPs about as far I can throw their headquarters. But other providers of shared resources with much more predictable demand patterns still have ways of dealing with demand surges, so I don't see how ISPs could hope to function in the long-term without some kind of peak-demand management.
So the 900lb gorilla might not be actually running away.
76% of american's have some form of extended television service, cable/satellite.
Netflix covers around 10% of US households.
They see them selves as being in competition with these other providers. It is in their best interest to keep the cost of providing Netflix as low as possible until their % of households is significantly higher.
So when you talk about protectionism you probably need to back out a level. Because remember the big business of the companies pushing the "internet fast lane" is also television. They have layers of conflicting interests in their wish to constrain Netflix.
If you pay for a consumer, price-oriented package, expect price-oriented service in return. There is a reason your office doesn't use consumer Internet, and that a 1.4 Mbps T1 costs $400/month, while low-end 6 Mbps DSL costs $30/month -- 4x bandwidth for <10% of the cost, what a deal!
I shouldn't have to say this on Hacker News, but what you pay ISPs for is quality of service and support. If you want that at home, pay for a business-class service. Comcast offers business-class to residences, for example; we've used it many times and the services and support have been excellent.
WTF?
Regardless, I think we can all agree that slow payment processing is a Bad Thing.
But it remains true that I, as a consumer, want my payments to be processed quickly. So do most other consumers, I imagine. But this has nothing to do with "making sense". I just want it to happen.
(Earlier reference in 2007: http://www.out-law.com/page-8384)
"Simon Gunter, from ISP Tiscali, said the BBC should contribute to the cost. He said the BBC did not understand the issues involved."
Can't find how it was settled, not at all IIRC.
Then eventually a player comes in that disrupts the model. What free long distance on weekends and evenings. How is that even possible.
Then one day competition takes over, et I mean logic ;) and suddenly the phone prices make sense. Long distance calls are something of the past.
I believe ISP are going through the same thing. However since they can't easily start charging by the call what they are trying to do is charge not only the person who is paying to have a phone line but also the caller. Except that now the caller has to pay for their own phone line and a fee to connect to the end line, which is already being paid for by the end customer. Aka the last mile is double dipping in fees cause they can because there is no competition. Just like the long distance calls from before. Amazing how quickly the phone companies went from recovering costs to can make profits from no fee long distance calling when competition finally came...
I'd hope that Europe realizes that, but we don't get anything done fast because of the obsessive administration :(
In open markets a seller charges what the market will bear in order to maximize profit. And of course it benefits society because resources are allocated efficiently, i.e. to those with the greatest demand for them (those willing to pay the most). Why should this market be any different? I'd expect that any business, discovering they had an asset someone would pay for, would charge as much as they could for it. There is nothing dirty or underhanded about it, even if it challenges the status quo we all are accustomed to (or the notion that everything on the Internet is free). And it's not like big ISPs are stomping widows and orphan children -- Netflix, for all its victimhood, can stand up for itself and I'm sure maximizes its profit wherever possible. (It may be different for startups.)
I don't want to be absolutist about it, but what I said is a factor. Other factors are that the ISPs benefit from public goods such as local monopolies, and benefit from all the innovation that created the Internet and the services that their customers are paying them for, so they do owe something to maintaining that ecosystem.
And the clear solution, as has been said before here, is customers paying for metered bandwidth, and also for latency or other SLAs if they want them (which long has been common for businesses ISPs) -- why should someone who mostly uses email want to pay for the same latency that a Netflix customer or gamer needs?
So with inefficiencies due to a lack of competition comparable to a government agency AND a profit motive rather than the public service motive that government agencies have, you've got the worst of both worlds. Companies that barely compete to offer good service with the explicit intention of sucking as much of your dollars as they can for a service you can't really go without.
guizzy - A good point; that's what I was referring to when I mentioned 'local monopolies'.
In other words, could the Koch Brothers start an ISP that gave a break to conservative information providers and charged extra to competing political views?
Businesses with money could do this too. Imagine WM paying Comcast to throttle Amazon traffic or make 1 in 5 page loads fail.
That could be where we're headed, if we don't fix this problem now.
that is the problem with net fairness via speeds,etc is that underlying network ecosystem is not static it will change and with that change comes new problems in being fair with speeds. etc
1. People don't like metered Internet (which is odd given we don't mind metered water and metered electricity).
2. ISPs want to keep advertising unmetered Internet.
3. Some % of the customers use a lot more traffic, and most of that is Netflix.
4. The ISP want to charge Netflix, which will in turn pass the costs to their customers, and so these customers who use more traffic will indirectly pay more to the ISPs for their traffic.
I wish they'd just lay it out simple like that. At least then we won't have to nitpick their statements for logical inconsistencies.
Or... maybe they can just switch to metered Internet. And this whole net neutrality issue will vanish in a puff of smoke.
To me the only way metered would work is if all these government sanctioned monopolies in communities are lifted so that any company can offer service to any customer.
Or, I suppose, the service is a utility governed by representatives of the community.
I don't have a choice, but to pay for Comcast, and they changed my plan from Unlimited to 300GB/mo.
I could stream 10mbps video 24 hours/day for 30 days and my bill at $0.025/GB will be about $80 for bandwidth, on top of the ~$40 I pay for my existing connection, which we'll just assume we'll let the cable companies continue to gouge me on.
If I'm streaming high-quality HD video 24/7, I can live with a $120 Internet bill.
I'm not actually doing that, of course. In reality, even I (combined with 4 other family members on the same connection who aren't power users, but do watch some streaming video and otherwise make fairly active use of my connection) rarely use more than ~500GB/month. Even if I used a terabyte every month, it'd be about $25 extra. Meh.
In the end, it's not consumers that don't want this. It's the cable companies. They hate the idea, because it puts front and center the fact that they are and should be just a dumb pipe. They don't provide content, they provide a conduit. This is exactly the public perception that they fear.
That's half the per-GB cost that Amazon and Microsoft charge for S3 and Azure transfers to the internet for those customers using the highest volume below the "call for pricing" level, and so get the lowest published rate. I don't offhand see any reason to expect Amazon and S3 to be paying more for bandwidth than last-mile providers do, nor for them to be marking it up to their customers more. Are you sure $0.025/GB is too high?
Meanwhile, HN-darling Digital Ocean charges their VPS customers just $0.02/GB on overage. That's right, for overage above the 1-9TB they include with their plans, DO charges less than I'm estimating the cost to be for massive providers to exchange traffic at far larger and more cost-effective scales.
Linode charges $0.10/GB, and that's still less than AWS charges for the first 10TB. And again, that's after the 3-20(!)TB Linode's plans include in the base cost.
Bandwidth is cheap. The US has all the fiber capacity between POPs that it needs. Adding or upgrading interconnects between Comcast and Cogent/Level3/whoever is not laying fiber across the countryside, it's buying switches or turning on ports and running cables from one cage in a datacenter to another cage in the same friggin' datacenter.