I'm only going to respond to C because it's the most ludicrous. Recently, I (an asian male) was a teacher assistant at the very first ClojureBridge, and during the training I learned more about why these workshops are useful and important. They create an environment where attendees feel more comfortable learning, making it much more likely that attendees will be successful in learning to program. You can argue whether or not it's "right" that women would feel more comfortable attending a workshop geared specifically toward women, but frankly I think that's irrelevant.
The author says that these organizations give the message that "These people are different from the majority so we need to treat them differently." Well, yes. What's wrong with that? The author doesn't explain. In any case, I think this is a good thing because the majority already has special treatment, thanks to human nature. There is ample evidence that women and black people are seen as less capable, even by people who have no desire to be prejudiced. How easy will it be for you to learn if the people surrounding you all assume that you're not as smart as them just because you're a woman or you're black? It's important that these conscious efforts to combat the results of our unconscious biases exist.