I went to a suburban high school in the southeast, and while I'd heard of Stanford, I literally had no idea where it was. I thought it was in the northeast. No one from my high school had ever gone there, and I'd never even met anyone who went there (not that I knew of, anyway). It's probably different now, that was the mid 80s.
I'd heard plenty about all the ivy league schools, and kids from my high school went to them.
I was very aware of MIT as THE best tech school (in the reputation I'd heard), but I also had heard of CalTech at the hardest school.
Other schools that were on my radar did include Harvey Mudd, though I had no clue at all where it was. Colorado School Of Mines too, for some reason. Probably more because of the weird name than anything else.
I did well on the SAT and had a large box full of brochures schools sent me, so I got exposed to a lot of lesser-known places that way.
There was one that had me utterly fascinated, Deep Springs College. It's a 2 year school out in the desert. You basically work a ranch and take a sort of custom curriculum, then transfer to another school to finish a degree. I was too chicken to go, but if I could change one decision in my past, I'd go. I think it would have made for a radically different experience.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Springs_College