Corporate title & organizition wise, they are different. Though I doubt Kurzweil worries too much about the current Ads, Search, Email, & Android platform. I would expect his role to be more forward thinking. I get the impression Carmack has a forward thinking role as well.
This is very, very different from what Kurzweil is doing at Google.
Though, we will see what a $2B valuation does to a "clearly defined" mission. The VR market has to be grown, after all.
Google is expanding it's efforts in new markets that require substantial technical vision. Same with Oculus.
Kurzweil is the "Director of Engineering" at a company without a CTO. Surely, there's some similarities in their roles.
Not a 100% match, but some interesting similarities.