License restrictions are more likely to make them choose something else, like Sony chose FreeBSD for the Playstation. (Again, no need for drivers for many different configurations.)
Linux is have trouble shaking off its old reputation though.
They also need to be complaint and that can take long on new software, so they would need to pull in a provider who already has the compliance in some related areas, probably Redhat has and then try to tape on the extra compliance needed for the new software, drivers and whole combination.
All in all, it's all very possible, but I think going public with all of this is unfortunately just a trick to get MS to play. I hope it's not as I have always wondered, as a software engineer who created banners, POS systems and information panels (I don't know the proper English jargon for these; I know the Dutch names, but like the panels you see at events, train stations, airports :) why they are not using Linux for everything anyway; everyone always cries about drivers but those have been a non-issue already 10 years ago. 'They are used to writing software on Windows' has also always been a none issue; these apps are complete, fullscreen apps which are the only thing running next to the kernel and a few drivers on these systems. They are almost always completely custom drawn and, like 2D games, that means the difference between Windows and Linux is not really there and hasn't been for many, many years now. You can run SDL straight on the framebuffer and make a tiny Linux distro with your software/drivers to run on it.
We sold Linux POS systems over 10 years ago; built on C & Tcl/TK they were faster, easier, cheaper, and nicer than the Windows versions at that time by a long shot. There is 0 reason why you wouldn't do this, but people are ignorant and unfortunately many of these people are coders; like people are stuck on Linux & Mac, a lot of people are stuck on Windows and lose sight of what is better for the customer (over 10 years ago that would have been stability and price; both much better under Linux) while peddling the 'everything is better under Windows'. I would not expect that from smart devs but he, here we go :)
That EMV terminal that's talking to the windows host might just be running ARM or MIPS linux.
(yeah I work on this stuff...)
I never really wanted to go back into payment systems and had a few years away from them, but it turns out that when you've written an EMV L2 kernel people want to employ you for that sort of stuff again...