List of Emerging Technologies
en.wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
How many years until we can send our cars out to go get food? I'd guess 10 years.
How many years until we can upload all of wikipedia into our brains or an attachment that our brains can pull from / talk to? I'd guess 20 - 30 years.
How many years until we can throw trash into a 3D printer and have it materialize a complex item such as an orange or a phone? Again, 20 - 30 years.
How many years until we can upload all of wikipedia into our brains or an attachment that our brains can pull from / talk to? - we don't have a slightest idea of how to do that and if it's even possible or feasible.
How many years until we can throw trash into a 3D printer and have it materialize a complex item such as an orange or a phone? - home 3D printers are a fad. Homemade products will always be orders of magnitude more expensive than factory-produced.
2) Research has been going on in to make this happen for 40+ years. DARPA has invested a significant amount of funding towards the goal of a BCI. All that's really necessary is the connection, that's the hardest part, just how to talk to the brain and make a safe connection to it. Google is working on it pretty heavily also. It'll be done, just a matter of when. Many science concepts people don't know if they are possible because of some unknown limit, but with BCIs we know it's possible, just a matter of figuring it out, which has turned out to be a difficult but certainly not impossible task.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interfac...
3) Maybe in the short-term, but in 40-50 years there is no reason that a "Replicator" can't be created. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replicator_(Star_Trek)
2) Most of the breakthroughs were because of new levels of power or precision. Here we're facing a totally different kind problem, one of complexity. That's something we have no tools to deal with and no idea of even how those tools might look like. It's not like flight, or Internet, or artificial viruses.
3) Did you really just link me to a device from a sci-fi show? :-D The thing is that mass production can use optimizations, shortcuts and logistics that can never be used by custom production. Also, injection molding will always produce smoother shapes than 3D-printing, because the latter is discrete.
Also, ecologically speaking, it's better if people just own a set of mass-produced, high-quality goods than continuously print new stuff on their own. There's too much stuff in the world already.
Still, it's a great toy for all kinds of hackers and makers. :)