And C has this thing called lint that's only been around since 1979 that can detect many of these issues.
But, that they're not integrated into the language itself means those tools can only ever make suggestions in a separate context, and so cannot function cohesively to permanently rule out classes of bugs in a way that can simply be taken for granted.
In fact, the Debian OpenSSL bug was actually caused [1] by a message from one of these tools being uncritically acted upon.
[1] the job of failure analysis is to find all contributing factors, not just pin everything on one.
Their presence isn't a sign of flaws of the language. They are signs of flaws in programmers. They give the designers the ability to extend the power of the compiler's warnings to help catch common mistakes and tune the automated feedback to fit the needs of the project.