Create an S-Corp and give options (not shares) to a non-US shareholder?
Is there anything short of a C-corp?
Or is there a way to keep that private?
Resident agent == US citizen or service. Any other officers/owners can be offshore.
Here's some Nevada LLC forms: http://www.sos.state.nv.us/comm_rec/crforms/pdf/NRS86FormDomesticpk.pdf
http://www.sos.state.nv.us/comm_rec/crforms/pdf/NRS78Formpk.pdf
Here's the important one: articles of domestication. It's the same with the LLC. That's your ticket there! :) http://www.sos.state.nv.us/comm_rec/crforms/omni/NRS92ADomestication.pdf
I'd read through those. Obviously, you will probably be incorporating in another state. Nevada is the second most popular, to Delaware.