And a bunch of others that aren't quite similar except that they're short, provocative scifi. Here's my list of favorites:
* Ted Chiang - Understand - http://www.infinityplus.co.uk/stories/under.htm
* Ted Chiang - Exhalation - http://www.nightshadebooks.com/Downloads/Exhalation%20-%20Te...
* Ted Chiang - Hell Is the Absence of God - http://www.ibooksonline.com/88/Text/hell.html
* Sam Hughes - Ed stories - http://qntm.org/ed
* Isaac Asimov - The Last Answer - http://www.thrivenotes.com/the-last-answer/
* Aaron Diaz - Hob series - http://dresdencodak.com/2007/02/08/pom/
* Greg Egan - Closer - http://eidolon.net/?story=Closer
* Marc Stiegler - The Gentle Seduction - http://www.skyhunter.com/marcs/GentleSeduction.html
* Clarke - The Nine Billion names of God - http://downlode.org/Etext/nine_billion_names_of_god.html
Perhaps also check out his "Fine Structure" http://qntm.org/structure (different kind of thing, but it's good scifi..) and perhaps the ongoing series / work in progress "Ra" http://qntm.org/ra
* if you like this, then two of his novels: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspora_(novel) ("Wang's Carpets" later became a chapter in this book) and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation_City
* Ray Bradbury - The Veldt - http://www.veddma.com/veddma/Veldt.htm
"Homer composed the Odyssey; given infinite time, with infinite circumstances and changes, it is impossible that the Odyssey should not be composed at least once. No one is someone; a single immortal man is all men. Like Cornelius Agrippa, I am god, hero, philosopher, demon, and world."
Honestly, just about all of Borges' fictions are really neat for the technically minded. Highly recommended!
Here's an obligatory XKCD: https://xkcd.com/505/