Just Enough MBA to Be a Programmer

Obviously there's a lot more to learn about finance, both market finance (the various types of securities, how they work, how to value them, how to do arbitrage on them...) and corporate finance (financial analysis, stock analysis, stock buybacks, LBOs, mergers and acquisitions, generally how a corporation is/should finance itself, especially debt vs. equity, all that fun stuff...)

Financial controlling: ie how each unit reports its costs and revenues and how to control those and establish budgets and targets. Something which is quite dull when you're sitting in a classroom but is actually fantastically important to running any reasonably large company (50+ employees). It's particularly important because it's tied up into all manners of human resources and corporate culture: how you measure someone's performance impacts how you will reward it, which in turns impacts how people behave, what kind of culture you have, etc.

You might also have supply chain courses (God how I hated those): inventory management, supplier management, etc.

There might be some legal courses as well depending on your program.

Also, the main takeaway of a business course is that they're course- and discussion- based. The post gives a good idea of the theoretical takeaway from business classes, but you learn about those from reading and performing case studies as groups and discussing them with the professor, which also gives you a great sense of what can be done and what can't.