"One is to force Google to make their rankings more transparent."
Google does not care about SEO; they care about bad SEO. You can see this from their Webmaster Help Videos[1] to saying how they 'serve' the results[2] to explaining how their search engine works[3].It also becomes more apparent within their Webmaster Guidelines[4] that, they do not like bad SEO.
You can easily use all of that knowledge to figure it out.
"Google could have offer a kind of appeals process if a manual penalty is applied"
They do. It's called a reconsideration request[5] "The EU could put a special tax on the market leader, which would fund a subsidy for promising competitors. (Google's European office is currently registered in a low tax haven in Ireland.)"
That would actually discourage anyone from making a decent product. Why? Well if you make a good one people will use it, you will become market leader and you will receive a special tax.[1] http://www.youtube.com/GoogleWebmasterHelp
[2] https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/70897?hl=en#3
[3] https://www.google.com/intl/en_us/insidesearch/howsearchwork...
[4] https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/35769?hl=en
[5] https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/35843?hl=en