Memristor Minds
newscientist.com
newscientist.com
Trying to create taxonomies is often worthwhile. You find patterns, holes and other interesting things when you succeed and learn more about what you don't know when you fail.
What Leon Chua rightly noted, and described, was a missing fourth passive electrical (not electronic) two-terminal component. The difference is that electronic is usually associated with so-called active devices. Those have three or more terminals (e.g. vacuum valves or semiconductor transistors), and the third terminal controls the electron flow between the others.
Given enough active devices, you can mock up practically anything. For example, with capacitors and transistors (and a power supply), you can make an imitation inductor - with a limited range, but good enough for an integrated circuit when the real thing was hard to build.
The great novelty with memristors is finding a real physical basis to provide the desired behavior in a simple, manufacturable two-terminal device.
P.S. The A.I./neural-network angle seems to originate with the device's creator (Stan Williams). With all due respect, I doubt that it will have all that much impact from that side.
It never ceases to amaze me how we can be so certain that we have the best of something (Neural networks) for a particular job (simulating neural activity) and then something completely different comes along and blows it away (Memristors).
These are the sorts of things that give me hope for our future...
More technical: http://arstechnica.com/hardware/news/2009/01/logic-circuits-...
While memristors are cool and may in fact help us understand / mimic the learning ability of animals, the amoeba's ability to "predict" external forces is a weak, weak link.