A while back, I briefly worked for IBM at their R&D office in Winchester, UK. IBM did were building parallel programming tools and programs (transputers), 3D computer visualisations (constructive solid geometry) etc. Proper research. I remember one of the senior engineers (big office) complaining that the new MD of the center didn't think he was "working" if he was sitting back in his chair with his feet up on the table (i.e. thinking). Typing = working!