The Median Isn't the Message, by Stephen Jay Gould
edwardtufte.com
edwardtufte.com
http://www.cancerguide.org/scurve_basic.html
Good read, as I prepare myself for a biopsy for a neck bump with relatively decent probability to be non-hodgkins lymphoma at age 26yrs old (thanks to a combination of smoking and taking certain strong medication to treat another illness that happens to cause cancer).
Note: traditional statistics examples rarely go beyond a 5-year estimate (as they claim, most clinical studies are capped at that).
I came across a good Tweet recently: "The best cure for cancer is to not get cancer". There are preventive means, so even if you don't have it, try to prevent it. Ignoring early prognosis (for ex: colonoscopies), smoking, poor environments, basic exercise, and unhealthy food is simply not worth it.
I read a couple of Gould's book many years ago and they were always very entertaining and informative.
http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjour...
Or see his almost militant misunderstanding of factor analysis.
The authors however did not dispute his "ideological" position which does have a sound scientific and historical grounding:
"In reevaluating Morton and Gould, we do not dispute that racist views were unfortunately common in 19th-century science [6] or that bias has inappropriately influenced research in some cases [16]. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that modern human variation is generally continuous, rather than discrete or 'racial', and that most variation in modern humans is within, rather than between, populations [11],[17]."
Also:
"Morton indeed believed in the concept of race and assigned a plethora of different attributes to various groups, often in highly racist fashion."
Gould was wrong in his analysis of Morton's measurements and made his own errors but those were errors of methodology not ideology.