> cellular automata-based PRNGs for stream ciphers
This is something that kind of died in the late 80s. One of the most noteworthy cases was Damgard's CA-based hash function in the paper that proved collision-resistance of the Merkle-Damgard mode [1]. It was quickly broken [2]. The SHA-3 winner, Keccak, has roots in CA-based designs [3], but at this point it's little more than an historical footnote.
[1] http://www.inf.usi.ch/faculty/shrimpton/spring09/damgard89.p...
[2] http://www.cosic.esat.kuleuven.be/publications/article-132.p...