Why does the alarm clock snooze button give you nine extra minutes, not ten?
straightdope.com
straightdope.com
> Engineer's comment: Nice try, bub, but clocks don't count that way.
What? Some clocks do count that way. That's why you can buy converters.
http://www.electric-clocks.co.uk/60hz50hzfrequenc.html
> Thiis module takes the 60Hz input and produces a 50Hz output to ensure the clock keeps the proper time. The module is supplied with 9vac via a UL listed power supply adapter. The clock has had it's coil rewound to work at 9vac.
> No changes to the movement - no altered wheelwork. If the clock is ever required to run in the UK it is as simple as providing 9vac from a UK 50Hz power supply and bypassing the convertor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_clock#Synchronous_ele...
> A synchronous electric clock does not contain a timekeeping oscillator like a pendulum, but instead counts the oscillations of the AC utility current from its wall plug to keep time.
Here's a nice page telling you how to build one. It has plans for both 50 Hz and 60 Hz. http://sound.westhost.com/clocks/sync.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telechron http://blog.onlineclock.net/evil-snooze-clock-history/
It's a bummer the Wikipedia article for Alarm clocks cites the straight dope article which links to some suggestive information that is totally missing now. It's too bad that Wikipedia doesn't store source information that is important for verifying the statements in articles in case the linked source disappears (or does it?)
originally, and probably wrong:
Yeah, some clocks used this, but I don't think it was most clocks and unless the first clock with a snooze functionality was this type, it doesn't give any more insight into why 9 minutes was chosen.
Good reason to donate to www.archive.org :) It's probably accessible there, and the citation should include a date you can rewind to. Not that that's ideal, but it's at least verifiable, and probably available now if not forever.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Using_the_Wayback_Mac...
Multiple generation systems feed into the same grid. If they're out of phase by even a few milliseconds, that translates to huge power losses. If power generation companies didn't synchronize to high precision, they would lose a lot of power and probably break some equipment.
I can't immediately find a cite for the story that some enterprising electric clock company would give clocks to execs at power companies, then let them get annoyed at large errors and demand stable frequency, but that's surely too good to need a cite, eh?
(edit: initially imprecise)
The amount of power wasted is insane though. Bringing new turbines online for example means getting the turbine to run in sync with the current clock cycle within a certain percentage otherwise massive damage can be done as the turbine jumps backwards or forwards when connected to the grid.
The phases of the grid as a whole actually get synched up automatically. For example when they spin up a new turbine at a power plant if it is not within a certain percentage of the phase cycle it can actually cause massive amounts of damage as it gets pulled into the phase automatically.
The electric grid companies actually want to lower the current requirements for the 50/60 Hz cycle to be accurate in a 24 hour period to longer, such as possibly a week. This could mean that the clock in your oven for example may be a minute or two slow and slowly catch up over time as the grid has moments where it is clocked faster than 50/60 Hz.
For example see this graph of the last 60 minutes: http://www.nationalgrid.com/uk/Electricity/Data/Realtime/Fre... and here it is in real time for the whole US: http://fnetpublic.utk.edu/gradientmap.html
And here is the experiment that the power companies wanted to run/still are running regarding the relaxing of keeping the grid at 60 Hz: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/43532031/ns/technology_and_science...
When I sailed on ships we knew not to use alarm clocks that plug into an outlet, because the load on the ship's generators is always changing, thus making plug-in alarm clocks less dependable than wrist watches.
https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/system-operations-reports...
It's actually a pretty elaborate system (who would have guessed?) with phase-stiffness between subsystems specified, because this basically defines the amount of power drawn/sourced. Timing is just the "outermost" regulation loop.
Yes, the load changes the frequency over the course of a day. In Great-Britain there's even a special peak after the afternoon TV shows finishes and people start turning on their electric kettles to prepare tea.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/britainfromabove/stories/people/teatime...
In fact, the exact frequency of the power grid can be used to identify precisely the time of the day!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_network_frequency_an...
Source: I helped a friend hack his clock to change his alarm clock from 60Hz to 50Hz.
Something like this: http://www.bucek.name/pdf/lm8560.pdf
Why does your modern day LCD monitor have a 60 Hz refresh rate? It's legacy from 1950's vacuum tube televisions that synced their beam with the mains voltage frequency.
Nowadays the electric companies want more leeway in how they run their grids and would love to have the frequency be less accurate, trying to keep it accurate actually costs a lot of money, since now as load changes on the grid they have to make sure to spin up new capacity. As the load increases the frequency goes down, as load decreases the frequency goes up. It is a careful balancing act that is required for the power companies to keep it within spec.
If it was allowed to drift more the power companies wouldn't be required to spin up more capacity that then goes unused.
There was a time when all the clocks relied on mechanical timers, and a MW sized electrical generator is more stable than anything you can put at your living room.
And it's also why your microwave clock is always off :)
Lots of stuff used to... The realtime clock in the C64 (almost nevery used) worked in that way too. (it was one of a handful of things that depended on AC; you could power the machine off a 9V battery if you were ok with certain minor functionality not working)
Here is an example with the page of the data sheet regarding how the snooze function works:
http://html.alldatasheet.com/html-pdf/9252/NSC/MM5387AA/168/...
When the alarm goes there is a 'latch' that is operational for 59 minutes. Pressing snooze does not turn this 'latch' off, it suppresses the alarm output for 8-9 minutes. Turning the alarm off is what resets the 'latch'.
Chips of this era worked on BCD - BCD ruled once upon a time, when people did things in FORTRAN...
I don't think that National Semiconductor deliberately sought to emulate the snooze time of analog alarms from a previous era, it just was do-able to do 8-9 minutes in available silicon.
> (6) "I figured it was actually 512 seconds (2^9)," one informant speculated. "Or maybe, since the clock is counting (typically) the power cycles from the wall socket, it's because nine minutes is 32,400 cycles, very close to 2^15 (32,768)." Engineer's comment: Nice try, bub, but clocks don't count that way.
And LM8562 and this timing of everything off mains is the reason why many modern alarm/radio clocks have that convoluted interface for setting time and alarm with two buttons that decrement setting by one minute and increment it really fast (ie. 50/60 minutes per second).
[Edit: 50/60 minutes per second, not 25/30, datasheet says that this rate is not dependent on rate of pulses on the setting pin, but I think that nobody really tested what will happen if the button is connected to anything other than mains frequency]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/britainfromabove/stories/people/teatime...
Let's say it's 6:00, and you hit the snooze button. Save the current value of the minute minus 1, into a comparitor, Trigger the alarm when the comparitor goes off automatically.
If you save the current value into the comparitor, the alarm triggers immediately. Now you need to add delay logic. Just use current minus 1, since it's only a few half-adders.
You can't use the high order minute digit because then your snooze length will depend on your current low order minute digit. Any logic to compensate starts adding a multiple of the number of components required.
I also vaguely recall that such on such clocks, the alarm itself (if not silenced) would tend to run for 9 minutes before self-silencing. The same logic might apply: it's the longest finite interval that doesn't require some sort of multi-digit carry-logic.
I wouldn't be surprised if early circuit layouts even made it so that the wiring to toggle some [digit ± 1] triggering state was shortest/cheapest, in a circular arrangement, compared to any other potential offset. (I don't even think there was anything binary in the earliest digital-display clocks, rather some [10m, 6h, 24h] or even [10m, 6h, 12h, 2meridiem] cyclical counters.)
No, this is too advanced.
For that you would be looking at 4 bits storage + comparator + the "minus one" circuit (which is very complicated) for a BCD counter.
But I don't recall if it actually had a snooze button...
06:00 06:09 06:18 06:27 06:36 06:45 06:54 07:03 ... etc.
Versus:
06:00 06:10 06:20 06:30 06:40 06:50 07:00
Not enough numbers are changing for my brain to latch on in its semi-conscious awake state, if the time is only changing by 10 minutes. Changing by 9, and it's clear the time has changed, and it's a new time. Thus, I'm not thinking only 10 minutes have passed, when the truth is that 40 minutes has actually passed.
Also, some people like to snooze multiple times... a low number of times, to be precise. They do this as a regular thing.
If I were such a person and I were to snooze thrice, I would know I am really in need of getting up if 30 minutes has elapsed. There is an up to one minute procedural loss on sorta-wake-up, activate-limb, smash snooze button, go back to bed. So I know I'm definitely not sleeping over my 30 minutes of triple-snooze allowance if I have a 9 minute timer. (Yes, the timer could be set from the trigger time rather than the re-snooze time, but at least some ancient embedded devices probably did not function in this way)
To further compound this line of thinking, we should remember that getting out of bed is not the only use for timers. Another would be kitchen timers where people might really, really, really want to get the pie out before it burns and some default allowance for human fuzzy foibles is therefore a useful feature.
Perhaps we should replace the title of this post with: Engineers: "Nine; it made sense at the time".
alarm clock begins beeping
8:00:15
I actually begin waking up
8:00:45
I manage to get up and silence the dumb machine
8:10:00
alarm wakes me up again after initial snooze, ten minutes after I intended to be awake
If the snooze went in ten minute increments, and a person was fond of snoozing, after a handful of snoozes the time delay between alarm sounding and snoozing would add up and throw off the mental calculation.
"I've hit the snooze five times, it must be 8:50, oh shit it's actually 8:55, FML," versus, "I've hit the snooze five times, it must be 8:50, oh hey it's actually only 8:47."
I have multiple alarms on my phone, as sometimes I'll turn off an alarm completely in my sleep. I put these alarms teen minutes apart, call it OCD. Snooze time of nine minutes makessense a lot of sense fire my part.
Thanks Ive!
I was expecting find some some highly researched psychological quirk to be the reason in the post. I guess reality is just more random and coincidental. Reminds me of the way QWERTY came to be the standard (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QWERTY#History_and_purposes).
Another question: why does the alarm clock blare non-stop until you turn it off, rather than beeping a couple times and then going silent, giving you a moment to get up and turn it off without annoying the living hell out of everyone who doesn't have to get up?
Current theory: alarm clock designers never marry.
But! What alarm is this? It sounds wonderful. Mine is pretty old and starting to die / possibly flaky, I might have to pick one up.
The TIMEX clock I've been using since college has 8-minute intervals, and the alarm clock app I have on my phone has 10-minute intervals by default.
Also, this ensures the alarm clock does its job - either you wake up yourself, or your angry family members wake you. Both ways, you get up when you wanted.
But when they do they may end up with their own alarm clock that is impervious to logic, programming or reason.
For a notional 7am setting our little alarm clock wakes up one of us (a seemingly random choice) usually sometime between 6.15am and 7.15am. Very occasionally it malfunctions and wakes us both up at 3am.
The snooze was on 8 minutes but I could press the snooze button multiple times to increase the time. So if I wanted a 24 minute snooze I could wake up and press it 3 times and it would go off in 24 minutes.
Besides you really just need to remember how to do subtraction, not even the multiplication table
var snooze = 3
snoozety (30) minutes minus snooze (3) minutes = twenty seven
Now, if the alarm clock required you to solve a calculus problem, that'd be a bit more challenging :)https://web.archive.org/web/20021001101305/http://users.rcn....
I've woken up a few times on the floor curled around the power cord to the alarm clock, torn from the wall (or to find a phone in 15 pieces and a new dent in the wall).. many, many people like me
But that wouldn't be relevant with old analog alarm clocks, which evidently had a 9-10 minute snooze, too.
If you hit snooze it just stops ringing earlier.
I think it's optimised to ring periodically in the worst case scenario (when you don't wake up). With earlier snooze it's just easier to keep the 9 minutes worst case implementation, instead of taking into account the time you hit snooze and adjust the snooze time to reach the 10 minutes total delay between rings.
Then I read the comments - actually, it's pages like this that make me grateful for the internet.
Now I suppose I could just set my clock 36 minutes later and get 36 minutes of quality sleep. But I think I actually enjoy those short snooze button dreams. And I savour every minute. Again and again and again and again.
Engineer: "Hey boss, how long did you want the snooze timer to run?"
CEO: "Oh, I don't know. Not too long, not too short."
Engineer: "What does that mean? Like 10 minutes or so?"
CEO: "Sure, I guess that would be fine. Just get it done."
Since this is an alarm clock, not a nuclear power plant, it's entirely conceivable that the decision was made very casually. It could have just been someone's gut feeling that 9 or 10 minutes felt right.
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