Working: Find a company that won't micromanage you, and will trust you to get shit done.

Applying: Same as any other job. Make sure to stress that you can manage your own workload and communicate well.

Communication: Mainly Skype and email.

Salary: Same as any other job. Don't take a pay cut to work remotely -- you're still doing just as much work.

Time difference: Most companies have "core hours" where everyone needs to be available. They should be flexible otherwise, if you want to start later or earlier.

In terms of finding gigs, Careers.StackOverflow and WhoIsHiring will be your best bets.