The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
nobelprize.org
nobelprize.org
His review "The Synaptic Vesicle Cycle"[1] in Annual Reviews offers a somewhat accessible look at the critical bits.
[1] Use scholar.google.com if you want to find "liberated" PDFs.
Starting in the early 1980s, the US began to play political games with research budgets, and since then it's been feast or famine. Whole generations of trainees have been doomed to underemployment, faculty positions have disappeared, and a career in academic science has gone from a feasible choice for smart college students, to a long-shot on par with becoming a professional athlete.
This batch of winners is a reminder that in a decade or two, we'll be wondering why the US doesn't win Nobel prizes anymore.
--
Also, it's just a (prestigious) prize. Keep doing science, don't think about it. And for god's sake, don't come up with science policies that 'will make our country win more Nobel prizes'.
[1] http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2008-02-29/why-im-fed-up...
'More Nobel prizes to our country' is therefore hard to accomplish by politicians (and sounds populistic). Instead of using the Nobel prize as a rhetorical tool, politicians would probably do better to foster good science in general. Keep universities healthy, leave the policy making to scientists instead of pointing out areas that are going to get increased funding. Make sure scientists can investigate whatever they find interesting based on scientific quality of a proposal/track record. Maybe do keep a check on scientific nepotism et al.
Both being a scientist and defining a proper science policy are hard though.
Don't let me get started with the "Nobel memorial price" that banksters created.
But Nobel prices in science had always been and continue being prestigious.
The committees presiding over the other awards are completely different from the Peace committee, and the other awards still carry an enormous amount of merit, and if you're a biologist you'll know how important vesicle transport is. However, you probably aren't.
Don't pick at strawmen and use your arguments somewhere else.
Peace and Economics Nobels are non-scientific and only share the name with the original prices.