My experience with rhabdo involved no pain (outside of really sore muscles).
I am not a doctor, but I think what you experienced was what rhabdo leads to if untreated: myoglobinuria (kidneys poisoned due to excess myoglobin) which then leads to acute renal failure (kidneys fail).
The normal treatment for rhabdo is intravenous saline (I had 5 days of saline), whereas myoglobinuria or acute renal failure require dialysis, since your kidneys have shut down.
In any case, that sounds absolutely frightening in the worst way imaginable. Any long-lasting side effects?