Haskell could get you often similar speed benefits, and there are even a couple of rather interesting frameworks for it (with even things like compile-time template checking), but the barrier for entry is unfortunately high.
Thus a language like Rust really comes into its own: speed kin to C with safety significantly exceeding that of Python and Ruby. Users of Python and Ruby may find the parts of its type system which must be specified explicitly arduous, but it does make it ever so much more likely that code that you write just works, correctly, which (as primarily a Python developer) I have found marvellous.
Rust isn't there yet for web development, but solid support for the HTTP layer is well in progress: https://github.com/chris-morgan/rust-http. When that's far enough along, then I'll get on to the framework I have in mind.