1. Since Finland students only get one standardized test, it's very difficult to determine. I have no idea why that's listed as a positive thing in the graphic; you can't improve what you don't measure!

2. According to the article, Finland's average PISA scores are higher than Hong Kong or Japan.

3 & 4. Since the degrees are subsidized by the sate, there are a lot more people getting them. This helps recruit enough teachers to maintain the 12:1 student/teacher ratio.