I think it has more to do with how people see JavaScript, i.e., whether JavaScript is a general purposes programming language or just a tool to make cool things happen on web pages, than it does what framework they do or don't use.
jQuery won't help you much with architecture, but then again, neither will your text editor, and it's about as guilty as your text editor or the native DOM API of helping you learn JS or use it effectively.
There are great functional examples in Eloquent Javascript, that show you how to go from low-level loops to high-level abstractions. That's EJ's triumph: it guides you through the mental leap you have to make to go from for loops, to useful enumerations like maps and folds and the like.