I thought Twitter was always the canonical example for a large Ruby on Rails app. Although these days it's splintered into a very large variety of different technologies, I believe Rails is still in the mix somewhere.
http://highscalability.com/blog/2013/7/8/the-architecture-tw...
http://highscalability.com/scaling-twitter-making-twitter-10...
This was true as of July 2013. Source: A Twitter Engineer working on the Tweets Service inside their mothership SoA Application.