> 1. Make sign up hard so that bots can't do it
That could be overkill...
> 3, 4. Block tweets that contain multiple, popular hashtags. Block accounts that send multiple messages over a short period of time with the same hashtag.
So, would you block these? “OMG I TOLLY FELT DAT #earthquake #sf”
“Someone at the corner of XXX and YYY? Baby crying under rubble #earthquake #sf”.
Why not a simple spam filter like the ones for email? Google seems to have a pretty good one now - a similar technology could be trained on tweets. Maybe not block, but just increase their spam score? A good filter might even figure these rules by itself.