I love to stick it to Goldman as much as anyone else here, but I think the story is probably more nuanced than "Goldman jails innocent programmer for leaving the firm". I know that I have on occasion kept copies of source code for projects that I'm proud of (and there was often some open source code involved; that changes nothing). Not to give it to someone else, but because I was proud of the work.

That is probably a breach of contract but I don't think it should be a crime punishable by jail time (unless someone can prove that said code was used to aid another company).