5D ‘Superman memory’ crystal could lead to unlimited lifetime data storage
southampton.ac.uk
southampton.ac.uk
Manufacturability is the other obstacle which data storage inventions traditionally founder upon, on the road to commercialisation. I don't have a sense of whether or not that'll be an issue here. If it isn't a problem... then yes, this could be a genuine game-changer.
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PS. Does anyone here have sufficient knowledge of or experience with Photonics and nanostructured glass to comment on the near-term feasibility and commercial viability of this technology? Here's the paper: http://www.orc.soton.ac.uk/fileadmin/downloads/5D_Data_Stora...
5000 trade show demos, press releases and tech articles - and you STILL can't buy one to put in your product.
It has several features which make it better suited to ultra-low power operation.
I know FRAM was popular 10 years or so ago, but never really made it big. I'd always assumed someone had a patent locked up that made other companies avoid it. Maybe that's changed recently?
I think it's inspiring, and I'm thankful I'm alive to see all of it unfold before us.
Aside from this, the storage technology itself might turn out not to work. It's holographic, and extrapolating is perilous in holography — some small source of noise that isn't significant when you have a megabyte of data recorded might turn out to be overwhelming when you have ten gigabytes of data recorded, let alone hundreds of terabytes.
Buy it here: http://www.digikey.com/catalog/en/partgroup/parallel-mram/14...
Everspin needs to market it better... but yeah, if you're a Computer Engineer, you can build MRAM systems. The issue now is to build computers that actually take advantage of MRAM.
Well, also the fact that it's $7 for 256k
Its not necessarily better than DDR3 RAM as RAM, and its significantly less dense than Flash RAM. The practical applications of MRAM are not quite as popular as once thought...
So... it remains a niche product, with a niche price.
How's $0.50 per tamper-resistant crypto device?
Again, MRAM is a niche product. So is a crypto chip. If you want a crypto chip, they are already available with Flash RAM / Microcontroller combos. There's no need to use MRAM for that application, when Flash is already widespread and cheap.
I, for one, am still waiting for those jelly fish based CPU :(
Our future is small computers + high speed internet available everywhere + online storage and services. Not the other way around.
Assuming our current technology, maybe. If I have limitless storage, and you do, too, I can be your backup, and you mine. Trickling in the background, always backing up. Or we could all have a mesh network backup doing similar to Dropbox crossed with Napster, without the centralization of either. Depending on bandwidth and storage growth, of course. Maybe the future is small computers, high-speed Internet available everywhere, and mass mesh storage/backup. Hopefully with encryption, however it goes, please God.
PS: Popular torrent files are basically this already as they can persist a long time after the initial seeder stops seeding.
Management is part of the cost of storage. If storage is cheap except for the cost of managing it, which is expensive, then storage is expensive.
There's a massive backlash against this now that we find it's a recipe for Big Brother.
That's nice. If you perform a cursory examination of computer science history, you will find many examples of "what's new is old." Any new paradigm, usage scenario, software type, or what have you could invert that. Even the one you like so much ... I think they had these things called dumb terminals and mainframes at one point ...
Does it say how fast the read/write speed is?
My €0.02 bet is that that means 200 kilobit per second. In layman's terms: about twice as fast as we could send data to Voyager 1 when it was near Jupiter aka 'abysmal'.
8.0E-6 J * 2.0E5/s = 1.6 J/s = 1.6W
So, this laser outputs 1.6W of power (in very short pulses, but that is irrelevant here). Let's assume a LED powered laser. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_conversion_efficiency gives, optimistically, 35% efficiency for a LED. That would mean a single-laser version would use 5W, a 100-laser one 500W of input power.=> Some improvements are needed before this replaces hard disks at home. We'll see whether there is room for that.
The phrase "ultra-fast" laser is a term of art, which really means "laser with ultra-short pulses". They are using a laser with pretty short, 280 fs, pulses, but only a 200 kHz repetition rate.[2] It evidently takes several pulses to write one bit. Due to the physics of femtosecond lasers, you can't easily increase the rep rate without compromising the pulse length and intensity, which both need to be very good in this application.
The readout "should" be faster than "conventional" methods, but no details are given.[1] I don't see evidence that they have shown even moderate speed readout. It looks like they took micrographs and then inspected the images to determine the values of the bits.
[1] Gizmag article referenced in another comment, http://www.gizmag.com/superman-memory-crystal/28231/?utm_sou...
[2] Authors' original paper, http://www.orc.soton.ac.uk/fileadmin/downloads/5D_Data_Stora...
Supposing it's not, it would be useful only for big archives : you want to use the full 360 Tb available, because the crystal can be expensive. An average user don't have 360 Tb to write everyday.
If the crystal was cheap, or if you could build smaller crystals that store less Tb , it would be different.
As lifeformed said, nothing is said about the reading speed.
0. http://www.gizmag.com/superman-memory-crystal/28231/?utm_sou...
It would be disruptive, same as every other couple of orders magnitude storage in the past and in the future.
ISPs would probably be pressured into finally going big or going home with their bandwidth, too, which is a good thing.
Instead, longevity and data density is emphasised, and application for long-term storage. Sounds like a replacement for tape.
This also got me thinking about a filesystem for the 'superman memory'. It could be an extremely simple logging filesystem without garbage collection. Since the storage is supposed to be enourmous this could work for more than just a an incremental backup.
…or it could go the other way and they would be able to offer "eternal cumulative storage" for a low fee. This tech will be big and expensive before it's small and ubiquitous. There may be a first mover advantage to being able to afford the early models.
Though I too suspect the NSA must be using some form of dense, long-lifetime data-in-solid storage technology that we haven't been told of. I can believe them storing 'all comms' in real time using hard disks, but I find it hard to believe they'd be anticipating refreshing the entire archive onto new media every 10 years of so. Which they'd have to do with hard disks or DVD equivalents. And I flatly refuse to believe they'd be prepared to just let it go.
There was an announcement back in 1999 from Keele University in UK, of having succeeded with using NMR to store and retrieve data in solids. The lead researcher was Prof. Ted Williams, who led development of the nuclear magnetic resonance scanner.
Then suddenly... nothing more was heard of that.
There's just something about this idea that sounds extremely likely. That not only is the NSA spying on everyone, but also maybe keeping to themselves a revolutionary storage technology that would change everything. So far I haven't heard anything at all about _how_ the NSA is storing all that data, have you?
We should be building eternal, public archives of all the cultural and scientific knowledge of humankind. Instead we're building vast secret archives of everyone's tweets, lunch appointments and credit card transactions.
It's well known that several hundred patents a year get swept up under a "secrecy order" and disappear. But most of these are from a) defense contractors working on military systems and b) nuclear research.
Occasionally (maybe 20 per year), an inventor unaffiliated with the government will attempt to get a patent, and have it get swept up under a secrecy order.
But a new type of data storage? I would surely think the government would let this get developed and refined in the private arena.
Cutting edge development is a sinkhole for massive amounts of money. Just think how many hard drives a billion dollars could buy? I don't think it makes sense economically, when there is a commonly available alternative.
What worries me more is the possibility that the oil industry has spies with control over this "secrecy order". The fabled "200 mile per gallon carburetor" type stuff.
It is quite easy for me to believe that a trillion dollar industry would attempt to protect itself by any means possible.
>It is quite easy for me to believe that a trillion dollar industry would attempt to protect itself by any means possible.
all the engineering calculations for a car you can make yourself starting from the first principles, like
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot_cycle http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_dynamics
etc...
It would be very interesting if you can come up for 200mpg goal with better shape or lighter design or better in some other way than that
http://green.autoblog.com/2013/04/01/vw-hints-hyper-efficien...
> The information encoding is realised in five dimensions: the size and orientation in addition to the three dimensional position of these nanostructures.
EDIT: Actually, this [1] paper says in the abstract that they use wavelength, polarization and the three spatial dimensions. So it is wavelength and not direction!
[1]http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v459/n7245/full/nature0...
I searched your link, I did not find quasicrystals suggesting anything related to memory storage. Why quasicrystals?
Going by the same logic you could store all entropy of the universe in an infinitely small cube which is not possible unless the universe had zero entropy.
Anyhow, that was a rather crappy answer, the "How much entropy does the "data about a volume in space" have?" answer basically captures it.
And is this lossless or lossy compression?
Here's a stack exchange question with a good answer (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4716116/what-is-the-best-...)
> If file sizes could be specified accurate to the bit, for any file size N, there would be precisely 2^(N+1)-1 possible files of N bits or smaller. In order for a file of size X to be mapped to some smaller size Y, some file of size Y or smaller must be mapped to a file of size X or larger. The only way lossless compression can work is if some possible files can be identified as being more probable than others; in that scenario, the likely files will be shrunk and the unlikely ones will grow.
As a simple example, suppose that one wishes to store losslessly a file in which the bits are random and independent, but instead of 50% of the bits being set, only 33% are. One could compress such a file by taking each pair of bits and writing "0" if both bits were clear, "10" if the first bit was set and the second one not, "110" if the second was set and the first not, or "111" if both bits were set. The effect would be that each pair of bits would become one bit 44% of the time, two bits 22% of the time, and three bits 33% of the time. While some strings of data would grow, others would shrink; the ones that shrank would--if the probability distribution was as expected--outnumber those that grow (4/9 files would shrink by a bit, 2/9 would stay the same, and 3/9 would grow).
If you mean "all the data" as in "all the important data we actually care about", that's been feasible for decades.
So basically, any new or exciting sense of the question leads strongly to the answer, "No".
But when you talk about recreating a volume, in a manner that is at least vaguely possible: you could store a record of every atom at angstrom-level resolution in much less space than the original.
A company called InPhase has had various forms of holographic storage "ready any time now!" for years. They eventually released a product. It's specialist, and expensive. That company eventually folded. (I remember when they were using concept art using a credit-card sized thing for media. That was ten years ago, and 1 TB was exciting.)
(http://gizmodo.com/5466793/inphase-closes-holographic-storag...)
That said, I could imagine offering something like a web 'snapshot' (think Internet Archive meets the DVD-R :-) which one might subscribe to. That would be pretty cool.
I'm sure if the technology is commercialized, someone will come up with a cute nonsensical name for it, but I can absolutely see a subhead somewhere saying "Advanced Five-dimensional storage technology!", just because it sounds cool.
EDIT: I don't pretend I can understand the technical details, does anyone know if this is actually anything different from that old holographic stuff?
Still, nice work! Data storage capacity is a great metric of our digital quality of life.
Since when hard drives die after 5-10 years? Are there some new physics laws that I'm not aware of, or what?
Google's 2007 study found, based on a large field sample
of drives, that actual annualized failure rates (AFRs) for
individual drives ranged from 1.7% for first year drives to
over 8.6% for three-year old drives
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failureMemory, of course, has other problems:
http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r6/scv/rl/articles/ser-050323-talk-r...
[1] http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2007/05/shaping_...
"Unlimited lifetime storage" means storage whose lifetime is unlimited.
As it says in the article, the actual data capacity is "360 TB/disc".
The internet makes that unnecessary.