http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truecrypt#Reasonable_paranoia
"""It is challenging to create binaries from source code that match the official binaries bit-by-bit for purposes of verifying their integrity due to compiler options
...
There has been no known comprehensive review of the source code by a qualified cryptographer.[46][44] Thorough security code review and testing is hard, tedious, and painstaking work, and very few people have the skills to do it. There was, however, a functional evaluation of the deniability of hidden volumes in an earlier version of TrueCrypt by Schneier et al. that found security leaks.[47]"""
The underlying problem is that you're trusting closed client software from a third-party. Once that is running on your system, arguably it's game over as far as what Dropbox or its like can and can't do to you.
(If you trust them, ok. But when documents state that "they're next", many of us start to wonder. And again, this isn't just access to a server. Through their client software, this is access to your machine, that you've already granted.
Admittedly, I'm describing the typical Dropbox user scenario and not where the client is manually applying -- or not -- each update, and somehow supposedly gaining insight into the capabilities of each update/version before doing so. And I'm also ignoring various forms of restricting the access of the Dropbox client, although if they really want you, they and parties using them would have extensive resources to apply to breaking out of such constraints.)
Let me take the opportunity to also thank you for writing up your email best practices. I hope to implement them or something similar for myself.
One of the challenges for me in all this is keeping up including with the implementation details. It feels akin to swimming upstream, with the current outpacing me.
FYI this article suggests to use encfs for an encrypted folder in your dropbox, this comment https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5855465 suggests that this might not be a wise choice, so you might want to (re)consider that part.
No, the crypto in TrueCrypt doesn't amplify the number of changed blocks. But it does disperse the changed blocks throughout the encrypted image, and this does result in higher bandwidth used during the sync (at least with DropBox). Here's an analysis I did a few years ago: