There are a few problems with this.
1) Forget execution and settlement risk, assuming you can get away with it, can you really make enough to make it worth your while.
You only get one shot at this, how many times can you anonymously crater the market?, and if you get caught you'll never trade again so you need to make retirement levels of money on this one "trade".
2) Execution risk. Assuming you've got your short butterfly setup so that no one will know you now need to unwind your trade in a matter of milliseconds while making it look like you are reacting, rather than knowing this event was coming.
Part of this is that like you said you'd do this over a basket of stocks. Looking at a butterfly option layout in wikipedia it seems pretty simple. Trying to get out of 30 or so of these trades in under 100 milliseconds isn't.
3) Settlement risk... You'd' be trading across multiple exchanges all with different timings and liquidity. There is a good chance that your trade gets busted by some but not all exchanges which means you go partial fills all over the place and you might end up partially short and long when all the accounting is done:(