All it took to get him in that state was copying a pasting a few lines thats suggested on every fedora forum, and a few unwise version dependencies in some official packages, and an external repo that falls behind the official one a fair amount.
That is not a description of a well working system. And casuals frequently end up with tons of held back packages with apt because of not using dist-upgrade.
I'm a heavy linux user and happily deploy it all the time, but to suggest that current package management needs no improvement is insanity. It's a highly advanced system of bandaids for decades worth of iterative engineering on a core design that predated shared libraries, CVE's and when update cycles were well longer than a year.
A clean slate design would be an infinite improvement - it's just a crazy difficult problem without it basically being a new platform and requiring modifications to the 3rd party code that you're installing.