Project Orion was much more than science fiction (http://www.scribd.com/doc/28668567/Nuclear-Pulse-Space-Vehic...) though it was much less than operational. Very big Orion spaceships would have used fusion explosions (http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/321.jvn.fall02/Dyso...), but not the relatively small ones that were subjected to detailed analysis.