Disney have stolen my artwork
katiewoodger.tumblr.com
katiewoodger.tumblr.com
Time to lawyer up.
Disney rip-off left, right and centre. Yes, they aggressively protect their IP, but that doesn't mean they won't trample all over everyone else's. they have a history of this behaviour.
http://theafictionado.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/lionking46...
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bd/ReallyKimbaThe...
I mean, look at a lot of forensic women in thrillers. But that is just meant as a bit background-info on literature. There is even a "scientific" way of saying, some (very) old author copied from someone else:
Intertextuality: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertextuality
But as a side-note: Don't the ears of the white lion remind anyone of Mickey Mouse? Just saying... ;-)
* Mickey Mouse: First appearance - Steamboat Willie (1928)
* Kimba The White Lion: [..]Kimba the White Lion, is an anime series from the 1960s. Created by Osamu Tezuka and based on his manga of the same title which began publication in 1950
http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/1378/did-disneys-em...
I wanted to link to another article, but can't find it right now, but it had a comparison of specific shots that were alleged to have been plagiarised. I remember it being quite striking, but these things are usually in the eye of the beholder.
Regardless, on the general point, for those who believe in "remix" culture there's nothing ethically wrong with this kind of direct inspiration provided credit is given where it is due.
It's not excusable, but also isn't as conspiratorial.
My theory is that it was from a 3rd party contractor and it just slipped through.
If you need to talk about the law, then you want a lawyer.
For example, if she does this on her own, she might be well compensated but also unknowingly give up her copyrights in te deal. A good lawyer will be her advocate and make sure she understands everything she is about sign.
It's entirely plausible that someone would have thought it was a Disney-owned image originally, and in circulation in violation of copyright.
If that's true, it's not an excuse for using someone else's work without permission, but it would be a sad and ironic commentary on the sharing and re-mixing economy.
It is most likely one of these suppliers claimed to have created or licensed the image.
The artist will probably end up negotiating with the handbag maker.
https://www.disneyconsumerproducts.com/Home/display.jsp?cont...
So the artist may end up negotiating with the handbag maker, but they might benefit from starting out making a claim against Disney.
If I, A, lie to you, B, and as a result you take a supposedly-harmless action which is in fact a tort against aggrieved party C, I would expect you to be liable to C, and myself to be liable in turn to you. What did I do to C?
It just means you can sue disney, and then disney can turn around and attempt to recover the damages you win from the next guy up the chain.
You absolutely, positively, do not need to sue the people all the way up the chain.
I am an IP lawyer (though this is not legal advice, just an explanation of general concepts :P)
[0]http://lee-phillips.org/music/whoIsTheDick/
[1]http://articles.latimes.com/2012/sep/08/entertainment/la-et-...
In this case, the artist herself is remixing a visual design elaborated by Disney.
So, yeah. It's murky, and the remix argument goes both ways.
In any case, Disney did not "very much create" that image. Here's Tenniels from 1866.
http://www.goldmarkart.com/it-can-t-go-straight-you-know-if-...
Blonde hair, white belt, black bow? Looks that way to me. Blue apron? Not very derivative.
One could argue it makes the situation a little more clear cut then.
How do you figure? Have you seen the original illustrations? Because they depict Alice in essentially the same getup that Disney stylized with their own art style. However the character design (which is what we'd call it now) is essentially John Tenniel's original design:
[0] http://waxy.org/2011/06/kind_of_screwed/
[1] http://waxy.org/random/images/weblog/kind_of_bloop_compariso...
And that is particularly applicable since the company in question is Disney.
I can't say that article of yours makes your point nearly as well as you might like, either. I hope it doesn't represent your general attitude towards derivative works (or just derivative works you don't appreciate aesthetically, whichever).
There's an interesting (albeit tired -- we've been having the same conversation since at least the dawn of the sampler) question in there about where the line between "remixing" and "ripping someone off" gets drawn, but you didn't have to shit all over a subculture and genre of music to pose it.
EDIT: I'll add that there is a pretty direct parallel to be drawn here to the long-running controversy around hip-hop's heavy usage of sampling. Your article, then, read a bit like someone attempting to begin a thoughtful debate about this old "remix culture vs. copyright law" issue with a characterization like "hiphop is a primitive and culturally bankrupt musical 'genre' consisting of a sad excuse for poetry shouted on top of other people's music, and its creators are crooks who appropriate the hard work of others for a less sophisticated audience."
There are people out there that actually believe things like that (maybe even you?), but most of them have the good sense not to say so in public under their true identity. I'd like to think that has something to do with the common decency of not demeaning cultures that one is completely unfamiliar with, and not just fear of appearing to be a racist.
I enjoy a good articulate rant from someone who is making it in good faith, as I believe the author was. That "most of them have the good sense not to say so in public under their true identity" only makes it all the better - the argument is usually of such passion and ferocity that it must be confronted rather than sidestepped. If your reaction is one of anger then perhaps something he said was a little close to true and you're defaulting to an emotional response in defense.
Basically, Philips dismisses a broad range of 8-bit media without knowing how it is made. He says all you do is run some existing art through "a little bit of filtering", and like Instagram, there you have it. Basically, it's just a nasty-looking (or sounding) ripoff of existing artwork.
Problem is, that's not how chip music is produced. At all. Most songs are original compositions, and even cover versions are not simple "degradations". Think of covering a Miles Davis song on classical guitar, and you'll be closer. You have to recompose the material from the ground up, and stretch both yourself and your hardware platform to make things begin to work. It's both an artistic and technological feat. Now think of composing an original song this way. Some people have spent decades perfecting chip music, just as others perfect jazz or photography. Philips says the entire body of work is worth less than one good picture.
http://www.linusakesson.net/hardware/chiptune.php (NOTE: This is not me.)
Worst, the criticism of chip music is tangential to his main argument -- that Baio screwed up by trying to sell a work without thoroughly licensing it. Philips went out of his way to be an ass about it, for no good reason. That's what bothers me.
One comment I would make on what you have said is that I think Phillips does understand how chip music is made and you have misunderstood when you write "He says all you do is run some existing art through "a little bit of filtering", and like Instagram, there you have it". The phrase "a little bit of filtering" is right at the end of the article and I believe is a reference to what Baio did with the photograph rather than to the process of creating the music.
Vitriolic as it is, I think what Phillips writes in the first two paragraphs - I would draw your attention especially to the use of the word "re-performance" - shows that he does at least understand that chip music isn't simply an existing work put through a filter and is something created more or less from scratch. He just really really hates it, and says so, in a way I find hilarious. However, now having read the piece several times, and recontextualised by your and ANTSANTS comments here, I do think it's a bit undermining to the main point for him to piggyback that rant onto the front-end of the article.
I didn't say that, at least not about the chiptune music. I said "He [Baio] was fully aware that he needed to pay license fees in order to distribute his versions, even though they were radically transformed and reinterpreted."
I am aware that the music was a re-performance in a different medium, not just filtering of source material. I happened not to like it. I don't see why my personal aesthetic judgments should upset anyone. If I'm not getting chiptune then it's my loss; I'll keep listening, and maybe one day it will click for me. When I first picked up Joyce's Ulysses I thought it was gibberish; now I think it's a great work of art. When I hear people claiming that Ulysses is gibberish, I don't get mad, I just smile.
Looks like Fairey paid up, and I imagine AP gets a royalty (and past royalties) for every sale of the image, not just a lump sum for damages.
"...Fairey maintain his work fell under fair-use laws."
It would have been interesting had the civil case actually gone to verdict - I tend to think a Judge or Jury would have ruled in Fairey's favor, like you allude to in your post.
In ETW v. Jireh, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit rejected a right of publicity claim brought by Tiger Woods against an artist who depicted Woods and other golf legends, holding that the transformative nature of the work exempted it from right of publicity liability under the First Amendment. Thus, this is not even a fair-use defense, but a first amendment defense, and the first amendment should be even more protective in the case of political speech where Fairey's work was of the leading candidate for POTUS at the time.
Presuming I'm correct, that's an important difference.
I don't think you can generalize "the internet" in this way because the forums I read are fairly liberal and will tend to favor the underdog, 'David' or whatever allusion you want to depict the lowly, individual up against 'the man.' So, by that thinking, we should be expected to favor Fairey (vs AP), Baio (vs Maisel ) and the current article's artist (vs Disney). You may say that Maisel is not so black and white, but consider that he still represents the establishment.
Just to specifically address Lee Phillips' article. He clearly has a personal bias that doesn't help his argument with lines like this referring to 'chiptune':
"I don’t get it either, but if people want to create music where part of the aesthetic is that it’s supposed to sound bad, I believe they have every right to."
I have plenty of fond memories to music from Battletoads, Mega Man and Final Fantasy so I think he's fighting a losing battle if he's going to try and convince people that there is no merit to 8-bit music production.
I think how artists deal with these forms of 'infringement' speaks to their character. For example, I love Bill Watterson (Calvin & Hobbes), but I also think it is somewhat petty that he so angrily hides his creations from the world in any form. I mean he wasn't able to stop millions of stickers being made depicting Calvin pissing on car logos, but yet he wouldn't allow children to purchase a plush toy of Hobbes? It may be his prerogative, but when something artistic has impacted the lives of millions in such an important way, I believe that artists need to live with the fact that there will be derivative works. I mean I could argue that Warhol should not have been able to use the Campbell's soup logo based on the same reasoning in this article... I think the pixelation of the original image constitutes a greater abstraction than simply enlarging the image and changing the colors.
BTW, I am adopting the term "meatspace." I love it.
That was part of my point - Maisel was characterized in a way that made it easier to whip up the mob against him. And that fact that Baio was a wealthy (probably) internet businessman was not mentioned.
Watterson: I love his work, too. His is unique in that he has so much respect for his own work and love for his characters that he has refused any form of licensing whatsoever - imagine how much money he has left on the table. Any time you see any of his characters on a shirt or anywhere outside of the original comics, it's a bootleg. Contrast this with Peanuts, Dilbert[0], or any other successful strip. Eventually his work will pass into the public domain, as it should, and then anyone can legally make a Hobbes toy. But I think that, until then, it's OK that he has some rights over his creations. Just because he can't stop some infringers doesn't mean that he's given up those rights. I don't see this as Watterson hiding anything: anybody can buy his books or check them out of the library.
Warhol: Interesting point. Maybe if Warhol had put his soup can image on a piece of merchandise for sale, like a record, he would have been in trouble. I'm guessing the artistic point of his paintings had something to do with the very fact that they were so close to the originals, compelling people to take a fresh look at familiar iconography. Or he was just a huckster, which was pretty much how he described himself. I think if the exact image on the cover of the "Bloop" album had been hung in a museum rather than used on merchandise, Maisel would have had a tougher case.
I stole "meatspace" from somewhere, long forgotten.
[0] Not meant as a criticism. Scott Adams has said that Watterson is an artist, while he, himself, is a businessman, and so they have different concerns.
At least in the Baio case, there was really a perceptible "internet mob" that formed and attacked Maisel. It was disturbingly vicious, deliberately whipped up by John Gruber[0] and a few others, and actually spilled out into meatspace, with vandalism of Maisel's house.
(Sorry about the two replies to one comment.)
For such a straightforward violation, I don't see why there's any call for pessimism. Send them an invoice for a worldwide license, follow it up with a lawyer letter (find someone willing to do no-win-no-fee if you want) once the invoice is overdue.
My naive guess would be that somewhere USD $5k-$10k is that amount: small enough to be within budgetary authority, large enough to make it worth the artist's time to chase up.
In reality, I'd suspect and hope that the artist already has an e-mail from Disney's brand protection team, or whatever they call it, with an apology and an offer to pay immediately. Disney's surely one of the most brand-conscious companies in the world.
I concur with others that have suggested just contacting Disney's Consumer Products division directly. I am sure they would want to fairly compensate the artist for her work.
They will also want to reprimand the company from which they sourced the bag.
https://www.disneyconsumerproducts.com/Home/display.jsp?cont...
The MPAA is just a publicity shunt so that people don't associate the bad press of the MPAA with the 8 brands that are behind it. [0]
The Copyright Extension Act of 1998 is called Mickey Mouse Protection Act. [1]
The modern BS of copyright lasting 100yrs [2] is caused because of the Disney corporation and the Mickey Mouse brand. Copyright will always be at least ($current_year - 1928) because of the Mickey Mouse brand.
She feels hopeless because the company that wrote modern copyright law is infringing on her copyright.
0: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association_of_A...
1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Term_Extension_Act
2: Graph of US copyright terms from 1790 (30 yrs of copyright) to modern times
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Copyright_term.svg
----
I always find the hypocrisy of Disney amazing given that the majority of their IP is a remix of something someone else wrote.
Based on what I read on her site, this image was created for her final coursework.
Although I haven't been able to find out which University she attended to eliminate this possibility, it is quite possible that the University in question may actually owns this image.
Certainly in UK some Universities have IP clauses written stating who owns what.
The second example, where no artwork was copied but there may have been some influence, is more complicated. How do you prove the inspiration came from the "stolen" art, and not Disney's own film or the original story?
http://www.cornel1801.com/disney/Alice-Wonderland-Painting-R...
And even if you did prove it, is it illegal, and should it be illegal?
All art is a derivation of something that came before it. Can someone reasonably claim ownership to "girl painting roses with paint brush as viewed from behind"?
But under US law, someone can claim ownership to derivative works.
I think we agree that the artist has an uphill battle proving that the second drawing is a derivative work.
(In fact, the handbag is quite bad as a result of this mixture, if I say so myself as a rather poor judge of design. The tone of Katie Woodger's work and the tone of the original Disney animated piece are at odds with each other, and the juxtaposition is rather less than the sum of the parts.)
didn't like the downvotes for a question but whatever. i by no means want to see artists ripped off, i was just asking about an alternative explanation and its plausibility.
The dress of T-shirt Alice bears more resemblance to the artist's original than it does to the Disney version: http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lnarc6bdBm1qfkdyso1_500.gi...
The arm/hand position seems nearly identical as well. http://25.media.tumblr.com/0266dadc485f9ffa5a1fee696fd8a32c/...
Before you say "that could be a coincidence" - of course it could. The question at hand is "is it coincidence, or did Disney copy the artist's work?"
There's a perfectly clear line here; assuming her account is correct, what she did was legal, and what Disney did is not legal. Legal is not always equal to moral, but with the particulars of this case I'm not feeling the need to draw some sort of complicated distinction. Legality is the entire point here.
The bag though, that is straight up theft.
But I agree, the bag is straightforward copyright infringement.
It might actually fall under the "significantly modified" arena. Same with the tshirt - while it's the same pose, it's clearly a different drawing.
Besides which, she may have actually been the one infringing Disney's trademark.
These kinds of ambiguities outline how fucking important it is to reform our copyright system.
If so then we'd have an insane amount of art that is stolen. The pose is the same, but this is totally different art in a totally different style with ha different dress etc. I personally don't think that should constitute as a copied/derived work, but that's just my opinion.
The first one however, clear cut copyright infringement, it IS the same artwork. Will be interesting to see how Disney spins this given how they forced daycare centers to paint over murals with Disney characters over trademark infringement.
Whether it is Disney stealing lions[1] or Fox stealing songs[2], their concern for your property is non-existent, but they are willing to throw you in jail if you think about using theirs.
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimba_the_White_Lion
2. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jonathan-coulton-glee-...
Past history certainly gives a non-zero probability that Disney will just try to throw their weight around, but let's give them the chance to do the right thing before we bury them. It makes the moral outrage that much more moral.
Why should anyone give Disney more leeway than Disney gives natural persons they accuse of copyright infringement?
http://robwrite.hubpages.com/hub/THE-LION-KING-Controversy-D...
Screenshot here: http://i.imgur.com/tr2FZ3c.png
If the author does nothing, she may find herself in the unfortunate position of spending lots of money in court to prove that she didn't "steal" her own picture.
I think she needs to lose the angry tone pronto and at least 'appear' more phlegmatic about it.
And there isn't any particular need for panic I'd have thought as it looks like an open and shut case in terms of infringement.
The person who is in deep trouble is whoever knowingly infringed, they could be out the door.
Really sorry to hear about this but best of luck, its unfortunate this happens with such large companies. Nonetheless, hope it gets resolved soon--good luck!
This doesn't make the situation of the author any better, the author should at least talk to a copyright layer IMO.
And see this blog (http://youthoughtwewouldntnotice.com/blog3/) where people post other rip offs of their work.
It seems what has happened, however, may be a copyright infringement, which is not theft. If that is the case, you should talk to a lawyer about filing a copyright claim against Disney.
Here is a link to the bag in their store:
http://www.disneystore.com/alice-in-wonderland-cosmetic-bag/...
Then again, things like this have happened.
This also apply when the "worker" is a boss, but working for a client, he do it in a lazy manner hoping his client won't notice...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timbaland_plagiarism_controvers...
[1]http://online.wsj.com/article/SB1000142412788732388430457832...
Edit: Sorry, silly formatting
...just saying.
The t-shirt image, you have no claim - it's a lot more similar to the depiction in their own film of Alice in Wonderland, from the stripey socks to the shape of the roses. No reasonable jury would find for a plaintiff on that claim.
Why? It's an awful company
I'm glad this story ended up here, and I hope the press causes royalties to be paid to the original artist for the bag which is a direct copy.
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But I'd recommend caution in criticizing that trope just for the sake of it: you're dissuading expression of possibly valid opinions on culture fitness, and those discussions are crucial for maintaining a culture anywhere.
Disney have used it..."
If she passed any English classes or graduated from the mentioned university, then she deserves a tuition refund.
"It’s one of my favourite images I created at University" could use a [while] to my ear, but it's not so bad.
The world is a big place.
Is it even a matter of US vs. British English? I thought collective nouns could be treated as either singular or plural when conjugating the verb.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_noun#Metonymic_mergi...
[1] http://www.amazon.co.uk/Writing-at-University-Phyllis-Creme/...
The only thing I'm not sure is correct in non-American usage is the capitalized "University"; I thought they used lowercase for the generic (much in the same way we use "college" in the US). The rest, though, reflects common usage outside the US.