It is great to see more interest in neural networks, but the types of neural networks the author describes are missing some key aspects of what the brain is doing. I work with Jeff Hawkins at Numenta, and while our product is based on a type of neural network, it is quite different from the class of NN described in this post. For background:

A recent blog post by Jeff: https://grok.numenta.com/blog/not-your-fathers-neural-networ...

And more detailed information on the technology (I would recommend the CLA white paper): https://grok.numenta.com/technology.html