* Enable developer mode.[1]
* Drop Crouton[2] onto Chromebook to get a full dev stack and unfortunate Ubuntu/XFCE environment.
* Set up chroot and start building other people's crap.
* Write to SD Card/internal storage and reboot.
Which step here is hard? Tedious to roll your own I'd give you, but you don't even need to as there's stuff like ArchLinuxARM[3] which skips the middle two steps.
[1]: https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/dev/chromium-os/deve...
[2]: https://github.com/keyboardsurfer/Crouton
[3]: http://archlinuxarm.org/platforms/armv7/samsung-chromebook