I've actually been mulling over starting a project like this for machines like the RPi and APC -- an OS where you basically boot into something like a REPL, and start coding away.
I'm nostalgic for the old 8-bit BASIC too, but primarily because you could switch the thing on and the interpreter was in ROM and ready to go a few seconds after powering on.
(http://geoffg.net/maximite.html)
> The Colour Maximite is a small and versatile single chip computer running a full featured BASIC interpreter with 128K of working memory and eight colours on a VGA monitor.
> It will work with a standard PC keyboard and because the Maximite has its own built in SD memory card and BASIC language you need nothing more to start writing and running BASIC programs.
> The Colour Maximite also has 40 input/output lines including an Arduino compatible connector. These I/Os can be independently configured as analog inputs, digital inputs or digital outputs. You can measure voltage, frequencies, detect switch closure, etc and respond by turning on lights, closing relays, etc - all under control of your BASIC program.
The immediacy is something lacking in current IDEs and ease of start. Turn on, type, and something happens.
I'm still hopeful I'll see an under $200 programmable computing device sold somewhere. Perhaps if OLPC is actually serious about selling at Walmart[1], it will happen.
1) http://www.engadget.com/2013/01/08/olpc-xo-tablet-walmart/
But there are a lot of good tools without creating anything new. IMO, the real places for improvement are learning methods.
My own idea has been to get my boy to start learning javascript via codecademy. We're seeing how that goes.
He's 11 and more interested in minecraft (which, IMO, has a similar set of activities such as wikis and researching via message boards as my own day-to-day why-doesn't-this-work programming issues), but we'll see how this goes.
The other thing that I did was to put together a desktop from parts with him over the holidays, which was a bit more fun than our usual yearly giant lego build, and I hope will give him an idea that these machines aren't magic-- they are put together, even if I don't have the skills to convey that at the circuit level.
How much did it cost to build? I would wager it was more than $200. To put together a PC is beyond a lot of parents skill.