> really meant some as yet undefined thing that on average leads to higher incomes, which could be intelligence in the colloquial sense

What you are looking for are "dark triad traits", i.e.

- machiavellianism,

- (sub-clinical) narcissism, and

- (sub-clinical) psychopathy.

> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_triad

These are quite correlated to higher incomes and higher-status jobs.