I find myself slightly more hypothesis-driven, so I tend to be more effective putting much of the focus of 2. Gather missing information after 3. Define the problem ... or at least inside the iteration loop.

As others here have noted, it’s very easy to get lost gathering information that isn’t actually helpful in assessing whether the problem is well formed or whether potential solutions are applicable.

The more you force yourself to specify the problem clearly, but treat your initial problem definition as somewhat suspect - potentially missing key dimensions - the more you will be comfortable finding the information to validate / challenge it (or it's implied solutions) and re-shaping both the problem and it's solutions efficiently.