1. AI really did solve a problem in mathematics.
The first assumption is wrong because to really solve a
mathematical problem, providing a mere answer (even if
formally certified) is not sufficient.
Yes, it is sufficient. To say otherwise is just goalpost shifting because you don't like the answer. There are, in fact, two notions of proof: a logical
notion and an intelligible notion.
Wrong again, the only real notion of proof is logical. It is not even possible to say exactly what an "intelligible" notion would be, because that would make it logical.I would be very surprised if Tao couldn't extract a proof that he understands within a few months out of the formal proof. I would compare this to understanding a difficult proof in some math journal.
In the end, all of this forth and back does not matter. A logical proof is a perfectly fine answer, and given that AI can provide that now, this is the future.