The “elements for randomness” are carve-outs for the parts of territory the map can’t contain. The more granular the map, the larger relative proportion that falls into that set. Nobody can predict the layout of my basement from a globe of the world.

We know with a high degree of certainty the universe contains things we can’t predict or observe, see Bell’s Theorem.

“Truth” doesn’t exist outside reality. There’s no substrate to hang it in. Information theory is likewise a subset of the territory, part of the universe, not apart from it. For these things to exist independently, you need something other than or bigger than the universe to put them in. If such a thing existed, sure, from that perspective maybe a lossless compression could exist. But that’s a metaphysical argument.