Algebra
Geometry
Probability
Analysis
Dynamics
I loved this talk, but these concepts are like an attempt at dimensional reduction of math research, science, the academics knowledge.
I would have loved to have his thoughts on the mathematical mind, the process, how to reason, infer vs deduct, abstract, prove..
I don’t really know, what are the primitives, essential concepts of math reasoning?
If you are interested in Terence Tao's personal mathematical inner world, he touches on that during his interview with Lex Friedman, which I think you might find interesting. Interviews with Kevin Buzzard sometimes touch on these themes too.
Disclaimer: I built this tool a couple of weeks back.
Making it about numbers is like making it about cans when it's more about grasping adding one can to a bag of cans, adding 100 cans (multiplication), or the inverse with subtraction and division
Which is why I never liked numbers before algebra which then chucks numbers in the bin more or less.
Numbers are just syntax meant to represent $anything; 1.5 can be half a pill and a whole pill or T or A; numbers are euphemism.
That they can be infinitely big and yadda yadda isn't that meaningful in and of itself and that little bigness is all due to additive qualities of physical space
Geometry is addition or subtraction of shape
It's all built on 4 operations we see in daily life all the time
Numerals are syntax; numbers are mathematical objects. “5”, “V”, “101₂”, and “|||||” are different representations of the same number. A variable such as x is closer to what the statement means by something that can stand for arbitrary things.
> It’s all built on four operations
Elementary arithmetic emphasizes +,-,×,÷, but mathematics isn’t reducible to them. Mathematics studies operations and relations such as composition, exponentiation, differentiation, integration, limits, logical implication, set membership, mappings, probability, topology, symmetry, transformations, equivalence relations, and many others.
From a previous HN discussion of Terence Tao's Six Math essentials book (to be published) my comments pointing to a similar book by John Stillwell (covers Arithmetic, Computation, Algebra, Geometry, Calculus, Combinatorics, Probability, Logic) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47116399
Broadly yes, but summarization can simultaneously be compression of data and revelation of structure, hence increasing understanding.
i'm sure you could come up with another breakdown, but these also have the benefit of tracking roughly with history. numbers and geometry (euclid), then eventually algebra. probability was a fundamentally new way of looking at the world. analysis comes via newton/leibniz and then dynamics tries to tackle complex systems (kinda where newton left off, e.g., 3-body problem type stuff).
also: dimension reduction is not a bad thing. this is like a decomposition: we can decompose so much of what research mathematics is doing into 6 different basis elements. that's pretty darn neat.
(edit: liebnitz -> leibniz)