I don't think this is going to work out. With the way progressive loading works in JXL, you don't really hit "good looking" points aside from at DC resolution.
A 1536w / 2048h jpg selfie: 244kb
Progressive JXL at quality=70: 151kb
Loaded 7kb of that file: looked okay up to approx 130px wide.
The first 18kb of that file was a suitable thumbnail up to approx 210px wide.
The first 50kb looked okay up to 300px wide.
The first 75kb looked okay up to 600px wide.
Maybe I need to do a lot more testing, but this seems to work alright?