Not in typical builds of SBCL: all code is compiled before evaluation.
Also, on my machine, compiling the identity lambda form takes about 200 usec with (optimize (compilation-speed 3) (debug 0)). SBCL could use a faster JIT mode, perhaps at compilation-speed 3/speed 0. Perhaps there are some other internal special variables that could be tweaked to reduce compile time.
Mine doesn't have the SB-INTERPRETER package, so I doubt binding the variable has an effect.
[0] https://www.sbcl.org/manual/#compiler-only-implementation