You can bind ports 1024-65535, and if you're in a home setting, you can just configure the port forwarding/DNAT settings on your home router to forward external ports 80/443 to whatever ports you're using internally.

Containers are nice, but they're not strictly necessary. On Google Pixel 6 and newer phones, you can take it a step further and root your phone and run a KVM-accellerated arm64 Linux virtual machine on your phone. There's a port of Limbo PC emulator that includes support for the KVM accelleration, and it works quite well! It even allows you to pass through USB devices to the guest.