How much effect the CPU's register remapping has? Probably a lot and the article doesn't discuss it at all.

However, the Intel Xeon E-2236 was released in 2019; so it's hardly ancient and the current E-2400 isn't so different.

As for hardware register renaming, Tomasulo dates to 1967 and out-of-order ROBs were common in the 90s. I don't know that there's been any major new ideas microarchitectural ideas in register renaming since the 90s.

I still think it's a meaningful experiment but could be improved with consideration of microarchitectural features.

Probably not that much because one of the legacies of x86 is that library calling conventions are based on this same registry scarcity. To make an API call there is a convention that a limited number of registers are treated as callee-preserves and the rest are caller-preserves. So your compiler spills them defensively before calling out.

You can make a programming language that uses whatever convention you want, but every time you make a system call or a call to a C or Rust library, you're using essentially an FFI and your FFI logic will have to handle the register spill and recovery to match the convention. And if you convert your code to a library, then it'll have to be dumbed down as well.