Those other countries also have lobbyists and environment lawyers, so your thesis reveals a lack of discernment.
The poster child in the west for infrastructure projects is Spain, and i can assure you that Spain is not light on regulation.
America has an interesting political structure - look there for your answer.
Ultimately, a democracy with a strong concept of individual rights will inevitably surface nimbies. America's fractal disorganisation gives them multiple venues to oppose any project. America's love-hate relationship with federal bodies creates overlaps. America's semi-regular cycle into small-government administration means it regularly expunges institutional infrastructure experience. You could shoot every environmental lawyer and lobbyist, and your projects would still be bunfights.
> that helps no one
You're welcome to your own values. I believe there's a place called "Flint Michigan" where the citizens would disagree.