I've not taken psychedelics, but presumebly a large part of the experience comes from the fact that your brain is creating the imagery, which would make it qualitatively different from imagery that your brain is having supplied to it. It might not be meaningfully possible to replicate psychedlic visuals.

I think early deepdream was quite close, where you see artifacts around the image and lots and lots of dogs because of the amount of training images being pet pics - perhaps it's just the way I hallucinate on lsd - perhaps it shows how the brain actually renders the world inside our heads.