This is the problem with pretty much all of the EUs attempts of getting away from US infrastructure. One of the VISA/MasterCard alternative is also a bloody app, on a smartphone, with an operating system from one of two US software gigants (One of which is know to give zero fucks about privacy).

If the EU wants to continue down this road, step on has to be a mobile operating system. Avoiding tying solution to people phones would be better.

> how did you come to this conclusion

I didn't see any reference to the possibility of using anything else on their website. And yes I was only speaking of authbound.