`PreInstall` mainly. But `PreFetch/PreBuild` also for source-repositories, such as AUR helpers.
homebrew doesn't support hooks as a system package manager: https://github.com/ecosyste-ms/package-manager-hooks as an example.
I think the packaging ecosystem is varied enough that this should be left for the package managers to decide. Yarn allows dependency resolution and WebFetch overrides in its hooks for eg.